SectionⅢGrammar——祈使句变间接引语语境自主领悟先观察原句后自主感悟1.“Lookatthisexample，”theteachersaidtous.→Theteachertoldustolookatthatexample.2.“Wouldyouliketoseemyflat？”sheasked.→Sheaskedmetoseeherflat.3.“Don'tlookoutofthewindow，boys，”saidtheteacher.→Theteachertoldtheboysnottolookoutofthewindow.4.Hisfathersaidtohim，“Don'tdrivetoofast.”→Hisfathertoldhimnottodrivetoofast.5.Marysaid，“Let'sgototheartexhibitionthisafternoon.”→Marysuggestedourgoingtotheartexhibitionthatafternoon.6.Sheadvisedme，“HaveahearttohearttalkwithBob.”→SheadvisedmetohaveahearttohearttalkwithBob.1.直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常采用动词＋sb.＋不定式结构。常见的引述动词有ask，tell，suggest，advise等，如第1、2句。2.转述否定祈使句时，在动词不定式符号to前加not，如第3、4句。3.转述表示建议、提议的祈使句时，通常采用suggestdoing形式或advisesb.todosth.等结构，如第5、6句。祈使句变间接引语1．直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时，要变为ask/tell/ordersb.(not)todosth.的句式。人称、时间状语、地点状态按要求做相应变化。①“Pleasedon'tdisturbme，”hesaidtotheboy.→Heaskedtheboynottodisturbhim.②“Stayhereuntiltomorrow，”saidmygrandma.→Mygrandmatoldmetostaythereuntilthefollowingday.[名师点津]去掉引号要加to；ask，order须记住；替换said要考虑；去掉please莫迟疑；直引若是否定式，not加在to前来显示。[误区警示]有些表建议、要求或劝告的祈使句变为间接引语时，可以用suggest，insist，offer等动词加以转述，此时要注意这些词的固定搭配。③Hesaid，“Let'sgotothemuseum.”→Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothemuseum.[即时演练1]句型转换Thedoctorsaidtohim，“Don'tdrinktoomuch.”→Thedoctorsuggestedthatheshouldnotdrinktoomuch.2．当祈使句作直接引语表示请求时，变间接引语常采用request/beg/asksb.todosth.的形式。若原句中没有称呼语，则通常可加上me，him，us等。①Theteachersaid，“Willyoupleasenotsmokehere？”→Theteacherrequestedusnottosmokethere.②“Couldyouhelpmewithmyhomework？”shesaid.→Sheaskedmetohelpherwithherhomework.③Oneofthedoctorssaid，“Letmegoonwiththeoperation，DrBethune.”→OneofthedoctorsbeggedDrBethunetolethimgoonwiththeoperation.[名师点津]对祈使句变间接引语的考查，实际上是考查动词不定式作宾语补足语的用法。其中动词不定式的否定形式、主动形式、被动形式也是考查的切入点。[即时演练2]句型转换①“Pleasehavearest，”shesaidtous.→Sheaskedustohave(have)arest.②Mydaughtersaidtome，“Pleasedon'tleavemealoneathome.”→Mydaughterbeggedmenottoleave(leave)heraloneathome.Ⅰ.直接引语变间接引语1．Theteachersaid，“Don'tbelateagain，Mary.”TheteachertoldMarynottobelateagain.2．“Pleaseopenthedoor，”hesaidtoher.Heaskedhertoopenthedoor.3．Theteachersaidtome，“Standupanddon'tbeafraidtosaywhatyouthink.”TheteachertoldmetostandupandnottobeafraidtosaywhatIthought.4．Sheasked，“Willyoupleasepassmethebook？”Sheaskedmetopassherthebook.5．“You'dbetterstarttomorrow，”TomsaidtoAlice.TomadvisedAlicetostartthenextday.6．Hesaidtome，“Wouldyoucometoseemetomorrow？”Heaskedmetogotoseehimthenextday.7．Mymotheraskedme，“Canyougotothestoretobuysomesalt？”Mymotheraskedmetogotothestoretobuysomesalt.8．“Stopplayingcomputergames！”saidmyfather.Myfathertoldmetostopplayingcomputergames.9．Thegirlsaidtohim，“Wouldyoupleasejoinmeinjogging？”Thegirlaskedhimtojoinherinjogging.10．Hesaidtome，“Couldyouinvitethelovelygirltomypartyplease？”Heaskedmetoinvitethelovelygirltohisparty.Ⅱ.单句改错(每个句子仅有1处错误)1．Shetoldusnottouchanythingwhenwewereinthelab.not后加to2．Heaskedmethattophonehimbeforedark.去掉that3．Heaskedustotidythelabassoonaswecan.can→could4．Maryremindedmetonotforgettoanswertheletter.tonot→notto5．Sheadvisedmetoasktheboy'sfatherifherefusestohelp.refuses→refused6．Mothertoldtheboyhurryup.boy后加to7．TheteacheraskedTomnotbelateagain.not后加to8．Hesaidhowalovelydayitwas.how→what9．JackaskedJohnwhathewasdoingwhenhephoneshim.phones→phoned10．Sheofferedhelpme.offered后加to
