Unit1Laughterisgoodforyou【导读】《雾都孤儿》是英国著名作家狄更斯的第一部社会批判写实小说。该作品以雾都伦敦为背景，讲述了一个孤儿悲惨的身世及遭遇。阅读下面选取的有关奥利弗童年生活的节选，对比自己的童年生活与奥利弗的童年生活的异同。OliverTwist(excerpt)Oliver'searlylifeOliverTwistwasborninaworkhouse，andwhenhearrivedinthishardworld，itwasverydoubtfulwhetherhewouldlivebeyondthefirstthreeminutes.Helayonahardlittlebedandstruggledtostartbreathing.Oliverfoughthisfirstbattlewithoutmuchassistancefromthetwopeoplepresentathisbirth.Onewasanoldwoman，whowasnearlyalwaysdrunk，andtheotherwasabusylocaldoctor，whowasnotpaidenoughtobeveryinterestedinOliver'ssurvival.Afterall，deathwasacommoneventintheworkhouse，whereonlythepoorandhomelesslived.However，Olivermanagedtodrawhisfirstbreath，andthenannouncedhisarrivaltotherestoftheworkhousebycryingloudly.Hismotherraisedherpaleyoungfacefromthepillowandwhispered，“Letmeseethechild，anddie.”Thedoctorturnedawayfromthefire，wherehehadbeenwarminghishands.“Youmustnottalkaboutdyingyet，”hesaidtoherkindly.Hegaveherthechildtohold.Lovingly，shekissedthebabyonitsforeheadwithhercoldwhitelips，thenstaredwildlyaroundtheroom，fellback—anddied.“Poordear！”saidthenurse，hurriedlyputtingagreenglassbottlebackinthepocketofherlongskirt.Thedoctorbegantoputonhiscoat.“Thebabyisweakandwillprobablyhavedifficulties，”hesaid.“Ifso，giveitalittlemilktokeepitquiet.”Thenhelookedatthedeadwoman.“Themotherwasagoodlookinggirl.Wheredidshecomefrom？”“Shewasbroughtherelastnight，”repliedtheoldwoman.“Shewasfoundlyinginthestreet.She'dwalkedsomedistance，judgingbyhershoes，whichwereworntopieces.Whereshecamefrom，whereshewasgoingto，orwhathernamewas，nobodyknows.”Thedoctorliftedthegirl'slefthand.“Theoldstory，”hesaidsadly，shakinghishead.“Noweddingring，Isee.Ah!Goodnight.”AndsoOliverwasleftwithonlythedrunkennurse.Withoutclothes，underhisfirstblanket，hecouldhavebeenthechildofakingorabeggar.Butwhenthewomandressedhimlaterinroughcottonclothes，yellowwithage，helookedexactlywhathewas—anorphaninaworkhouse，readyforalifeofmisery，hunger，andneglect.Olivercriedloudly.Ifhecouldhaveknownthathewasaworkhouseorphan，perhapshewouldhavecriedevenmoreloudly.Therewasnoonetolookafterthebabyintheworkhouse，soOliverwassenttoaspecial“babyfarm”nearby.There，heandthirtyotherchildrenrolledaroundthefloorallday，withouttheinconvenienceoftoomuchfoodortoomuchclothing.MrsMann，theoldwomanwho“lookedafter”them，wasveryexperienced.Sheknewwhatwasgoodforchildren，andafullstomachwasverydangeroustotheirhealth.Shealsoknewwhatwasgoodforherself，soshekeptforherownusethemoneythatshewasgivenforthechildren'sfood.Theboardresponsiblefortheorphanssometimescheckedonthehealthofthechildren，buttheyalwayssentthebeadle，akindoflocalpoliceman，toannouncetheirvisitthedaybefore.Sowhenevertheboardarrived，ofcourse，thechildrenwerealwaysneatandclean.ThiswasthewayOliverwasbroughtup.Consequently，attheageofninehewasapale，thinchildandshortforhisage.ButdespitefrequentbeatingsbyMrsMann，hisspiritwasstrong，whichwasprobablythereasonwhyhemanagedtoreachtheageofnineatall.OnOliver'sninthbirthday，MrBumblethebeadlecametothehousetoseeMrsMann.ThroughthefrontwindowMrsMannsawhimatthegate，andturnedquicklytothegirlwhoworkedwithher.“Quick!TakeOliverandthoseothersupstairstobewashed！”shesaid.Thensheranouttounlockthegate.(Itwasa...
