江苏省怀仁中学高一（下）英语直接引语和间接引语二．直接引语变间接引语的一般规律(一)陈述句的间接引语用连词that，在口语中可省略。引述动词用say,tell,advise,agree,explain,insist,promise,remind,suggest,warn等。例如：1)Hesaid:“I’veleftmybookinmyroom.”→Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinhisroom.2)Shesaid:“Hewillbebusy.”→Shesaidthathewouldbebusy.(二)疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接词用if或whether，而选择疑问句只能用whether，特殊疑问句用原句中的wh-词作连接词，并改为陈述语序。引述动词用asked，没有间接宾语的可以加一个间接宾语me,him等.例如：1)ShesaidtoTom,“Canyouhelpme?”→SheaskedTomif/whetherhecouldhelpher.2)Sheasked,“Isthisbookyoursorhis?”→Sheaskedmewhetherthatbookwasmineorhis.3)Theteacherasked,“Howdidyourepairit?”→TheteacheraskedmehowIhadrepairedit.(三)祈使句的间接引语——采用“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。即tell/ask/order/warnsb.(not)todosth.注意：引语中的呼语可改成宾语。引语中的please去掉.1)Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Don’twasteyourtime.”→Theteachertoldthestudentsnottowastetheirtime.2)Themothersaid,“Tom,getupearly,please.”→ThemotheraskedTomtogetupearly.三．直接引语变成间接引语注意几个变化直接引语变成间接引语时,除了注意人称的变化,还要注意:在直接引语中在间接引语中指示代词thisthesethatthose时间状语nowtodayyesterdaythenthatdaythedaybeforelastweektomorrownextyearTwodaysagotheweekbeforethenextdaythenextyeartwodaysbefore地点状语herethere动词时态一般现在时现左进行时现在完成时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时（不变）过去将来时动词变化can/maymustcomebringcould/mighthadtogotake四．直接引语变间接引语时的注意点1．直接引语如果是客观真理，谚（习）语，变间接引语时时态不变。例如：Theteachersaid,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”→Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.Myfathersaid,“Practicemakesperfect.”→Myfathersaidpracticemakesperfect.2．如果直接引语中引述部分含有insist,suggest,advise,require,demand,order等引导的虚拟宾语从句，变间接引语时，引语中的主从句时态都不变。例如：Hesaid,“Weinsistedthatshestartimmediately.→Hesaidthey(had)insistedthatshestartimmediately.Shesaid,“Hedemandedthatthegirlleaveatonce.”→Shesaidhedemandedthatthegirlleaveatonce.3．另外，如果说话人转述自己的话，人称则可不变.例如：Isaidtohim,“Ihavefinishedit.”→ItoldhimIhadfinishedit.如果就在当地转述,here不必变为there，come不必改为go，如果就在当天转述，则today,yesterday,tomorrow等状语也不必变化。例如：Shesaidtous,I’llcomeheretomorrow.”→Shetoldusshewouldcomeheretomorrow.五.练习：Ⅰ.选择填空。1.Hesaidthathe________speakalittleEnglishwhenhewasfive.AisabletoBableCcouldDcan2.Pleasetellmewhere_______haveourpicnictomorrow。AwewillBwillweCyouareDwillyou3.Didyouhear________clearly?AwhathesaidBwhathesaysCwhatdidhesayDhowdidhesaid4.Hewantedtoknowwhy_______uplate.AdidshegetBshegotCdoesshegetDshegets5.Couldyoutellme________fromyourhousetothefactory?AhowfaritisBitishowfarChowfaritwasDhowfarisit6.Couldyoutellmeifit_________tomorrow?ArainBwillrainCrainingDrains7.Tomaskedme________English.AifIlikesBifIlikedCthatIlikeDthatIliked8.Ourteachertoldustheearth________aroundthesun.AgoesBgoCwentDgoing9.Doyourememberwhat________________whenIcamein?ATomisdoingBTomwasdoingCisTomdoingDwasTomdoing10.Heaskedhowmanypictures_______。AdidtheydrawBdotheydrawCtheywilldrawDtheywoulddraw11.Theyaskediftheteacher________themsomesongsthenextweek.AwouldteachBhadtaughtCwillteachDtaught12.HeaskedmeifI________inSha...
