Unit4省略一概述省略是一种修辞,它的使用主要是为了避免重复,它不仅适用于书面语,而且在口语中更加明显.1概念为了表达简洁,或重点突出,常省去某个词,短语,甚至句子.这种形式就叫省略.Hesaid
hewouldpayavisittotheGreatWallthenextweek.Heisonlyaliveandhealthy.当在英语中也有许多的固定省略结构,这种省略其实是一种约定的历史文化,我们不需将其补充完整,即使按照语法可以这样做,也没有必要.如:Nopains,nogainsSeeingisbelievingOutofsight,outofmind2省略的目的和遵循的原则省略有两个目的1>语言简洁,结构紧凑.Iwonderwhenandwheretoholdthemeeting---I'llgiveyouanecklaceasabirthdaygift---Really?butwhen?2>重点突出,目标明确Willyoutellmebywhomandforwhomitwasordered?---Whowillbesenttocarryouttheplan?---Johnson它遵循的原则是不破坏结构或引起歧义TheyvisitingandwewillbevisitingtheHeavenTemple应改为TheyareandwewillbevisitingtheHeavenTemple二省略句的应用<一>简单句中的省略1主语的省略1>第一人称省略hopetoseeyouagain2>第二人称在祈使句中的省略GoandseewhoitisDon'topenthewidow,oryoumaycatchacold3>第三人称的省略Does'tlookwellPityhewon'thelp2动词的省略1>助动词省略,多在口语中Hi,Tom,whereyougoing?2>主动词省略.Marydoes'tspeakFrench,butJimdoes.用心爱心专心115号编辑TomcanspeakEnglish,andsocanLucy.---Jimhaspassedtheexam---Sohehasandsohaveyou3>系动词省略youhungry?4>Therebe句型的省略oughttobenobodyintheclassroomAnythingIcandoforyou?5>在独立主格结构中being;havingbeen的省略,一般只适用于其后是介词或短语,如果是名词不省略Themeetingover,theywenthomeBookinhand,heenteredtheroom.Itbeingsunday,wedid'tgotoschool.6>不定式to后动词的省略。这类动词有expect,like,wish,hope,prefer;love;intend,mean,refuse等----Wouldyouliketoattendtheparty?----I'dliketo另外,在haveto;needto'oughtto;begoingto;usedto后也省略主动词Idon'tliketostayuplate,butIusedtoIdon'twanttomeettheman,butIhadto<二>从句中的省略1定语从句中的省略1>作宾语的关系代词which;that;whom的省略DoyouknowthegirlItalkedtojustnow?HaveyouseenthebikeIboughtfromTom?如果定语从句中的动词后的介词,放到关系代词前,那么关系代词不能省略。2>作状语的关系副词when/where/why的省略ThatwasthelasttimeImethim2状语从句中的省略当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致时,可以省略状语从句中的主语和系动词be.1>连词+ppHedidtheworkaswellasexpectedIwon'tattendthepartyevenifinvited2>连词〈when;while;though>+doingIcameacrosshimwhencrossingonthestreet.Thoughworkinginsuchpoorconditions,hestillfinishedtheworkontime.3>连词+名词Onceathief,heworksasapolicemannow.4>连词+形容词Ifnecessary,pleaseapologizetoher5>连词<,while,asif,whether>+介词短语WhileinEngland,helearnedaforeignlanguage.用心爱心专心115号编辑另外,我们也可以用so;not替代上文中的内容,此时常用ifso/notWorkhardaroundtheclock.Ifso,youwillsucceed.Youshouldfinishtheworkontime.Ifnot,youwillbepunished在某些形容词glad;ready;pleased;happy等后。---Willyoucarryouttheplan?---I'mgladto假如语境中有表示时态的have,havebeen,和be,常在答句中表现出来。---whyhaven'tyouattentedthelecture?---I'dliketohave,butitrainedheavily用心爱心专心115号编辑