专题限时集训(四)推理判断之推测隐含信息A(2020·武汉市部分学校质量监测)Almosteverynewparentwillsayaddingababytoahouseholdcanalsoaddstresstoacareer.Now，anewstudybacksthatupwithsomeastonishingnumbers：Afterscience，technology，engineering，andmathematics(STEM)professionalsbecomeparents，43%ofwomenand23%ofmenswitchfields,makeatransition(转变)toparttimeworkers，orleavetheworkforceentirely.ManyresearchersandparentsalreadyknewthatSTEMcanbeunwelcomingtoparents，particularlymothers.“Buttheconsiderabledeparturewasastonishing，”saysErinCech，anassistantprofessorofsociologyattheUniversityofMichiganinAnnArborandtheleadauthorofthestudy，publishedinProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Forbothgenders，theproportionsarehigherthanweexpected.“ThesurprisinglyhighreductionrateformenalsohighlightsthatparenthoodinSTEMisnotjustamother'sissue；it'saworker'sissue，”Cechsays.Shehopesthatthefindingsmightpromotechanges，suchasmorepaidparentalleavefromboththegovernmentandemployersandpoliciesthatbettersupportflexibleworktimewithoutatightroutine.“WearenotsuggestingthatpeoplewhowantfamiliesshouldavoidSTEM；that'snotthesolution，”sheemphasizes.By2018，78%ofnewfatherswerestillworkinginSTEM，andthevastmajorityworkedfulltime.Fornewmothers，68%werestillinSTEM，butonly57%workedfull-time.Forprofessionalswithoutchildren，ontheotherhand，84%ofmenand76%ofwomenwerepredictedtostillbeworkinginSTEMfulltimein2018.Forthenewparentsacrossallfields，16%ofwomenwereworkingparttimeand15%hadlefttheworkforce，ascomparedwithjust2%and3%，respectively，formen.Thesesharpdifferencesmakeitclearthateventhoughthereductionratefornewfathersishigherthanexpected，newmothersstillfaceparticularcareerchallenges.【语篇解读】一项新的研究表明，养育孩子对科学、技术、工程以及数学领域的专业人士的工作有着很大的影响。这些领域的很多专业人士，尤其是女性，因为养育孩子而不再从事本领域的工作，或转为兼职或离职。因此，研究者希望该研究结果能促进变革，如政府和雇主给更长的带薪育儿假，政策也应该支持弹性工作时间。1．WhatmakesmanySTEMemployeeschangetheirjobs?A．Worryingabouttheirfamily.B．Theattractionofparttimejobs.C．Beingtiredoftheformerjobs.D．Theheavyburdenathomeandwork.D[考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Almosteverynewparentwillsayaddingababytoahouseholdcanalsoaddstresstoacareer”并结合常识和该段的其他内容可推知，养育孩子增加了科学、技术、工程以及数学领域的专业人士的压力，由于沉重的家庭压力和工作压力，他们被迫换工作，故D项正确。]2．WhichstatementmayErinCechagreewith?A．Workingathomemaybeapopularchoice.B．IncreasingwelfaremaykeepSTEMparents.C．PeoplewithfamiliesshouldleaveSTEM.D．STEMprofessionalsshouldobeytherules.B[考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Shehopesthatthefindingsmightpromotechanges,suchasmorepaidparentalleavefromboththegovernmentandemployersandpoliciesthatbettersupportflexibleworktimewithoutatightroutine”可知，Cech希望这些研究结果能促进变革，比如政府和雇主能给予职工更长的带薪育儿假，出台更支持弹性工作时间的政策。据此可推知，Cech支持提高在科学、技术、工程以及数学领域工作的父母的福利待遇，故B项正确。]3．Howmanynewmothersamongallthelaborforceworkedfulltimein2018?A．69%.B．76%.C．57%.D．31%.A[考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Forthenewparentsacrossallfields,16%ofwomenwereworkingparttimeand15%hadlefttheworkforce”可知，就所有领域的新生儿父母而言，16%的女性从事兼职工作，15%的女性已经离开了工作岗位。据此可知，2018年69%的新生儿母亲从事全职工作，故A项...
