Unit3Backtothepast1stPeriodWelcometotheunit双基提要1.words：civilization,magnificent,structure,statue,hang,palace2.Phrases：knowabout,protectculturalheritage,historicalevent课堂反馈背景阅读：TheHangingGardensTheHangingGardensprobablydidnotreally“hang”inthesenseofbeingsuspendedfromcablesorropes.ThenamecomesfromaninexacttranslationoftheGreekword“kremastos”ortheLatinword“pensilis”,whichmeannotjust“hanging”,but“overhanging”asinthecaseofaterraceorbalcony.TheGreekgeographerStrabo,whodescribedthegardensinfirstcenturyBC,wrote,“Itconsistsofvaultedterracesraisedoneaboveanother,andrestinguponcube-shapedpillars.Thesearehollowandfilledwithearthtoallowtreesofthelargestsizetobeplanted.Thepillars,thevaults,andterracesareconstructedofbakedbrickandasphalt.”“Theascenttothehigheststoryisbystairs,andattheirsidearewaterengines,bymeansofwhichpersons,appointedexpresslyforthepurpose,arecontinuallyemployedinraisingwaterfromtheEuphratesintothegarden.”Strabotouchesonwhat,totheancients,wasprobablythemostamazingpartofthegarden.BabylonrarelyreceivedrainandforthegardentosurviveitwouldhavehadtobeenirrigatedbyusingwaterfromthenearbyEuphratesRiver.Thatmeantliftingthewaterfarintotheairsoitcouldflowdownthroughtheterraces,wateringtheplantsateachlevel.Thiswasprobablydonebymeansofa“chainpump”.Achainpumpistwolargewheels,oneabovetheother,connectedbyachain.Onthechainarehungbuckets.Belowthebottomwheelisapoolwiththewatersource.Asthewheelisturned,thebucketsdipintothepoolandpickupwater.Thechainthenliftsthemtotheupperwheel,wherethebucketsaretippedanddumpedintoanupperpool.Thechainthencarriestheemptyonesbackdowntoberefilled.Thepoolatthetopofthegardenscouldthenbereleasedbygatesintochannelswhichactedasartificialstreamstowaterthegardens.Thepumpwheelbelowwasattachedtoashaftandahandle.Byturningthehandleslavesprovidedthepowertorunthecontraption.Constructionofthegardenwasn'tonlycomplicatedbygettingthewateruptothetop,butalsobyhavingtoavoidhavingtheliquidruinthefoundationonceitwasreleased.Sincestonewas用心爱心专心difficulttogetontheMesopotamianplain,mostofthearchitectureinBabelutilizedbrick.Thebrickswerecomposedofclaymixedwithchoppedstrawandbakedinthesun.Thebrickswerethenjoinedwithbitumen,aslimysubstance,whichactedasamortar.Thesebricksquicklydissolvedwhensoakedwithwater.FormostbuildingsinBabelthiswasn'taproblembecauserainwassorare.However,thegardenswerecontinuallyexposedtoirrigationandthefoundationhadtobeprotected.巩固练习一、完形填空Mydaughterhasbeencrazyaboutraisingapetforalongtime.LastspringIboughttwonewly-hatchedchickensforher.Shegot(1)andtookagoodcareofthem.(2)afewdayslater,bothchickensdied.Sheburstintotearsfrom(3)Ihelpedher(4)thetwobirdsunderatreebehindourhouse.Ithoughtitwouldbethe(5)ofherideas.(6)Iwaswrong.Childrenarechildren(7).Theirfailurehasn’t(8)mydaughterinanyway.Shestilltriedtokeepasmallanimalorevenasnail.Onedaylastwinter,Inoticedundertheeaves(屋檐)ofthehouseafamilyofsparrows.MydaughterandIcould(9)thesparrowsasour“pets”,butwedidn’t.SoItoldherto(10)thegrainsonthewindowsill.Afewminuteslater,thesparrowcametolandonthewindowsill(11)andpeckedattherice.Suddenlymydaughteraskedme,“Mum,canwecatchand(12)thesparrows,andletthemlivewithusintheroom?How(13)itisforthemtoliveoutside?”“Oh,mydear,Idonotthinkit'sagoodidea.Youknow."Iexplainedtoher,"thesparrowisabirdwholoves(14).Noonecankeeptheminacage.Iftheyarecau...
