摘要摘要如何快速、精确地实现线路故障点的确定是故障测距的基本任务，是电力系统继电保护领域的一个重要研究课题。输电线路担负着传送电能的重要任务，是电力系统的经济命脉，其故障直接威胁到电力系统的安全运行。故障测距根据不同的故障特征迅速准确地测定故障点的位置，从而减轻工人巡线负担，有利于及时排除故障，使线路快速恢复供电，减少因停电而造成的综合经济损失，同时还能帮助发现绝缘隐患，保证电网的安全稳定运行。高压输电线路故障定位分为单端电气量测距和双端电气量测距。单端电气量测距只利用线路一侧的电压和电流，原理上无法避免过渡电阻、两侧系统的影响，同时受线路实际参数不平衡、频变等的影响，因此其测距精度在实用中不高，难以满足工程实际的要求。双端电气量测距原理上能够克服过渡电阻、两侧系统等的影响，相比之下，精度大大提高，但是双端电气量测距受不同步采样、线路实际参数不平衡等的影响，因此在实际应用中的相对误差却比较大。本文简要介绍了MATLAB的特点，建立了基于MATLAB仿真技术的高压输电线路模型，根据该模型，利用SIMULINK数学模块实现了对双端电气量输电线路准确故障定位的数字仿真。结果表明，所建立模型简单、方便，利用MATLAB进行仿真同样具有较高精度，满足工程实际要求。关键词MATLAB/SIMULINK；高压输电线路；故障定位；双端测距I燕山大学本科生毕业设计（论文）AbstractQuickandaccuratelocalizationoffaultsisthebasictaskoffaultlocationaswellasanimportantresearchsubjectinpowersystemrelayprotection．Transmissionlinesareresponsibleforthedeliveryofelectricenergyandtheirfaultsinfluencethesafeoperationofpowersystemdirectly．Faultpointsmustbefoundoutsoonaccordingtovariousfaultfeaturesthroughfaultlocation,andthenburdenoflinesmanislightened；faultscanbeclearedintimetorecoverpowersupplyoftransmissionlinesquickly，sothattheeconomiclossesresultedfrompowerfailureisreduced,whichcanalsohelptofindoutincipientfaultofinsulationtoensurethesafeandstableoperationofelectricnetwork．Thealgorithtmsoffaultlocationcanbedividedintosingle-terminallocationandtwo-terminallocationaccordingtomeasurementinformation.Whenthesingle-terminallocationalgorithmbasedonthefundamentalfrequencycomponentisusedtolocatethefaultposition,itisimpossibletoeliminatetheinfluenceoftransitionresistanceandequivalentimpedancevariationofremotesource．Withthedevelopmentofcommunicationandcomputernetworktechniques,two-terminallocationhasbecomemoreattractivewhichcaneliminatetheinfluenceoftransitionresistanceandequivalentimpedancevariationofremotesourceintheory．ThefeaturesofMATLABareconciselypresented.UsingMATLABsoftwareamodelofhighvoltagetransmissionlinesisbuilt.BasedonthismodelandusingSIMULINKmathematicalmodulethesimulationofaccuratefaultlocationofpowertransmissionlinesbyuseoftwoterminalselectricalquantitiesisimplemented.Simulationresultsshowthatthebuiltmodelissimpleandeasytouse,comparedwiththeEMTPsimulation,theaccuracyofsimulationresultsbyuseofMATLABaresatisfactoryandcanmeettherequirementofengineeringpracticeII燕山大学本科生毕业设计（论文）KeywordsMATLAB/SIMULINK;Highvoltagepowertransmissionlines;Faultlocation;.Two-terminallocationIII目录摘要.......................................................................................................................IAbstract.................................................................................................................II第1章绪论.........................................................................................................11.1课题背景...............................................................................
