EnglishLectureMaterialsforPulmonaryTuberculos•Introductiontopulmonarytuberculosis•Preventionofpulmonarytuberculosis•Treatmentofpulmonarytuberculosis•Preventionandcontrolstrategiesforpulmonarytuberculosis目•Conclusion录contents01IntroductiontopulmonarytuberculosisDefinitionofpulmonarytuberculosisPulmonarytuberculosis(TB)isaseriesaffectingdiseasecausedbyMycobacteriumtuberculosis,whichcommonlyaffectsthelungsItisacurableandpreventabledisease,butremainsaleadingcauseofdeathfromasingleinfectionagentworldwideThemodeoftransmissionofpulmonarytuberculosisTBistransmittedthroughtheairwhenaninfectedpersoncooksorsneezes,refiningthebacteriaintotheairThebacteriacanremainsuspendedintheairforseveralhours,andpeoplenearmayhaveaffectedthemandbecomeaffectedClosecontactwithanaffectedperson,suchaslivinginthesamehouseholdorworkingtogether,increasingtheriskoftransmissionSymptomsanddiagnosisofpulmonarytuberculosisCommonsymptomsincludepersistentcough,chestpain,fever,nightsweats,andweightlossDiagnosisismadethroughacombinationofChestX-ray,sputumsmearmicroscopy,andsputumculturetestsAdditionaltestsmaybeneededtoruleoutotherdiseasesthatcausesimilarsymptoms02PreventionofpulmonarytuberculosisVacation•VacationisthemosteffectivewaytopreventpulmonarytuberculosisTheBacillusCalmetteGuérin(BCG)vaccineisavailableforfansandchildren,anditcanreducetheriskoftuberculosisHowever,thevacuumdoesnotprovidecompleteprotectionandshouldbecombinedwithotherpreventionmeasuresMaintainahealthylifestyle•AhealthylifestylecanhelpreducetheriskofpulmonarytuberculosisThisincludesabalanceddie,sufficientexercise,andsufficientsleepSmokingandexcessalcoholconsumptioncanweakentheimmunesystemandincreasetheriskoftuberculosis,soitisimportanttoquittheseunhealthyhabitsAvoidcontactwithpathogens•ClosecontactwithpeoplewhohaveactivepulmonarytuberculosiscanincreasetheriskofinfectionTherefore,itisimportanttoavoidcontactwithpeoplewhoarecoaching,sniffing,orspittingbloodIfyouhavebeenincontactwithsomeonewhohasactivepulmonarytuberculosis,itisrecommendedtoseekmedicalattentionpromptlyandtakeappropriatemeasurestopreventinfection03TreatmentofpulmonarytuberculosisDrugtherapyAntituberculosisdrugsThesearethemaindayoftreatmentforpulmonarytuberculosis,includingrifampicin,isoniazid,ethambutol,pyrazine,andstreptomycinDrugresistanceItisimportanttonotethatsomestrainsoftuberculosisareresistanttocancer,requiringtheuseofalternativedrugsorcombinationtherapyAdvancedeffectsAntituberculosisdrugsmaycausevarioussideeffects,suchaslivedamage,healthloss,andemergencyreactions,requiringclosemonitoringandmanagementbyhealthcareprofessionalsSupportingtherapyRest01Pulmonarytuberculosisoftencausesfatigueandweakness,requiringpatientstorestandrechargeNutrition02Goodnutritionisessentialforrecoveryfrompulmonarytuberculosis,ensuringthatpatientsreceiveequalcalories,protein,andmicroorganismsSmokingtreatment03SmokingtreatmentisrecommendedforpatientswithpulmonarytuberculosistoimprovetheirdiagnosisandrecoverySurgicaltreatmentIndicationsSurgicaltreatmentisindicatedincasesofdrugresistanttuberculosisthatcannotbecontrolledwithdrugtherapy,aswellasincasesofseverelungdamageorpersistentsymptomsTypesofsurgerySurgicalproceduresmayincludemorphology,pneumonia,ordecorationtoremoveaffectedlungtissuesorscartissuesComplicationsAltoughsurgicaltreatmentcanbeeffectiveincancercases,italsocarriesrisksofcomplicat...