摘要采用超声波测距原理，驾驶者在倒车时，将汽车的挡位推到R挡，启动倒车雷达，在控制器的控制下，由装置于车尾保险扛上的探头发送超声波，遇到障碍物，产生回波信号，传感器接收到回波信号后经控制器进行数据处理，从而计算出车体与障碍物之间的距离，判断出障碍物的位置，再由LED显示器和蜂鸣器声发出警示信号，从而使驾驶者倒车时不至于撞上障碍物。整个过程，驾驶者无须回头便可知车后的情况，使停车和倒车更容易，更安全。本文在查阅、分析国内外倒车雷达系统相关技术的基础上，结合最新研究成果，对基于超声波测距的倒车雷达预警系统的研制进行了深入探讨和研究。该系统分为测距模块、系统控制模块和显示报警模块，并分别对其进行方案分析，构建了倒车雷达预警系统的系统构架和设计方案；在硬件电路中，详细阐述了运用单片机技术实现的可视倒车雷达预警系统的测距实现原理，分析了以AT89S52单片机为主控单元的系统硬件设计，并通过系统仿真研究，验证了系统的可靠性和可行性。关键字：超声波；倒车雷达；传感器；AT89S52单片机ABSTRACTTheultrasonicdistanceprinciple,driversinreverse,thegearstopushthecarbackandstartagainstRradar,underthecontrolofthecontroller,thedevicetocarryontherearinsurancesendultrasonicprobe,obstacle,sensor,echosignalafterreceivingechosignalcontroller,whichcalculateddataprocessing,thedistancebetweenthebodyandtheobstaclesandobstacles,thenLEDbyawarningsignalandnoise,thusmakethedriversreversenotmaskobstacles.Thewholeprocess,withoutturningandcardriversthatafter,parkingandreverseeasier,moresafety.Basedontheanalysisofdomesticconsulting,reverseradarsystemonthebasisofrelevanttechnology,combiningthelatestresearchresultsofthebasedonultrasonicrangingback-draftradarwarningsystemisdiscussedandstudied.Thissystemisdividedintorangefindermodule,thesystemcontrolmoduleanddisplayalarmingmodule,andcarriesontheanalysis,toconstructthebackingoftheearly-warningradarsystemarchitectureanddesignscheme,Inthehardwarecircuit,thispaperexpoundstheapplicationofvisualizationtechnologyrealizationoflocationback-draftradarwarningsystem,andanalyzestherealizationprincipleforthecontrolunitofAT89S52SCMsystemhardwareandsoftwaredesign,andthroughthesystemsimulationverifiedthefeasibilityandreliabilityofthesystem.Keywords:ultrasonicsensors,radar,reversingAT89S52SCM.目录1绪论.............................................................11.1倒车雷达防撞的意义..........................................11.2倒车雷达的发展过程..........................................21.3本文主要内容................................................42系统构建与方案设计...............................................52.1系统设计要求................................................52.2系统构建....................................................52.3系统方案设计................................................62.3.1测距系统方案设计.......................................62.3.2控制系统方案设计......................................102.3.3显示报警系统方案设计..................................112.3.4系统探测范围及传感器布点的确定........................112.4本章小结...................................................133系统硬件设计....................................................143.1系统硬件设计思想...........................................143.2测距系统设计...............................................153.2.1超声波发射模块电路设计................................153.2.2超声波接收模块电路设计................................183.2.3测温电路设计..........................................213.3控制系统设计.......
