中考英语易错题(三)31.〔误〕Hebecameawritterathistwenties〔正〕Hebecameawritterinhistwenties〔析〕这句话应译为:他在20多岁时就成了作家。在某人的一段生活时间段中要用介词in来表示,而在具体岁数时用at来表示。32.误〕Wewenttoswimintheriverinaveryhotday.〔正〕Wewenttoswimintheriveronaveryhotday.〔析〕具体某一天要用介词on,又如:onNewYearsDay33.〔误〕ImlookingforwardtoseeingyouonChristmas.〔正〕ImlookingforwardtoseeingyouatChristmas.〔析〕在节日的当天用on,而全部节日期间用at,Christmas是圣诞节期间,一般要有两周或更长的时间。34.误Ihaventseeyouduringthesummerholidays.正Ihaventseenyousincethebeginningofthesummerholidays.〔析〕during表示在某一段时间之内,所以一般不与完成时搭配,如:Ivisitedalotofmuseumsduringtheholiday.而for表示一段时间,可以用于完成时,如:Ihaventseeyouforalongtime.而through用来表示时间时则为"整整,全部的时间"。如:Itrainedthroughthenight.而since则是表达主句动作的起始时间,一般要与完成时连用。35.〔误〕Atenteringtheclassroom,Iheardthegoodnews.〔正〕Onenteringtheclassroom,Iheardthegoodnews.〔析〕On加动名词表示"一……就"。本句的译文应是:我一进入教室就听见这个好消息了。又如:onhearing…一听见,onarrival一到达就……(on表示动作的名词)36.〔误〕Inthebeginningofthebook,therearesomeinterestingstories.〔正〕Atthebeginningofthebook,therearesomeinterestingstories.〔析〕atthebegining与attheend都是指某事物的开始与结束部分,均不指时间范围,而inthebeginning则是指开始一段时间。intheend=atlast是指"最终,终于"之意。37.〔误〕Tilltheendofnextweek.Iwillhavefinishedthiswork.〔正〕Bytheendofnextweek.Iwillhavefinishedthiswork.〔析〕by引起的时间状语表示了动作的截止点,其意思为"不迟于某一时刻将工作做完",所以主句一般是完成时态。当然可以有将来时态,如:Illbetherebyfiveoclock.而till则表达其一动作一直持续到某一时刻,但句中的动词一定要用持续性动词,而瞬间的截止性动词应用其否定句式,如:Iwontfinishthisworktill(until)nextweekend.38.〔误〕HecametoLondonbeforelastweekend.〔正〕HehadcometoLondonbeforelastweekend.〔正〕HecametoLondontwoweeksago.〔析〕before一般要与完成时连用,而ago则与一般过去时连用。39.〔误〕IhavestudiedEnglishforthreeyearsginceIhadcomehere.正IhavestudiedEnglishforthreeyearssinceIcamehere.析since用来表达主句动作的开始时间,所以其引出的从句中应为过去时,而不能用完成时态40.〔误〕Icanhelpyourepairthisbike.Youwillgetitaftertwohours.〔正〕Icanhelpyourepairthisbike.Youwillgetitintwohours.〔析〕中文经常讲两小时之后来取,两天内会修好,而这个介词在英文中要用in而不要用after。其原因有二,①after多用于过去时,如:IarrivedinNewYork.Afterthreedays,Ifoundajobinthebank.after②加时间是表达一个不确定的时间范围,如:afterthreedays,即三天之后的哪一天都可以。所以在许诺若干时间内会完成某事时,一定要用介词in。41.误〕Threedaysafterhedied.42.正〕Afterthreedayshedied.〔正〕Threedayslaterhedied.〔析〕after与later都可以用来表达一段时间之后,但它们所处的位置不同,after在时间词前,而later在时间词后。42.〔误〕Shehidherselfafterthetree.〔正〕Shehidherselfbehindthetree.〔析〕after多用来表达某动作之后,所以有的语法书中称它为动态介词,如:Irunafterhim.Afterfinishingmyhomework,Iwenttoseeafilm.而behind则多用于静态事物之后。43.〔误〕Thereisabeautifulbirdonthetree.正〕Thereisabeautifulbirdinthetree.〔析〕树上长出的果实,树叶要用on,而其他外来的人、物体均要用inthetree.44.〔误〕ShanghaiisontheeastofChina.〔正〕ShanghaiisintheeastofChina.〔析〕在表达地理位置时有3个介词:in,on,to。in表示在某范围之内;on表示与某地区接壤;to则表示不相接。如:JapanistotheeastofChina.45.〔误〕IarrivedatNewYorkonJuly2nd.〔正〕IarrivedinNewYorkonJuly2nd.〔析〕at用来表达较小的地方,而in用来表达较大的地方。at常用于attheschoolgate,athome,atabusstop,atthestation,atthecinema,atasmallvillage。