Unit1总论Day1典型英语文章的写作脉络和答题步骤总的来说,英语文章结构比较严谨,脉络清楚,所以我们在读任何文章的时候,脑子里面一定要有一根线,先掌握了典型文章的展开方法,再加上一些引子等,就成了所有四级阅读文章的结构。我们先以2000年6月的文章为例进行讲解体会。请在2分钟以内读完这篇文章:2000.61Americansareproudoftheirvarietyandindividuality,yettheyloveandrespectfewthingsmorethanauniform,whetheritistheuniformofanelevatoroperatorortheuniformofafive-stargeneral.WhyareuniformssopopularintheUnitedStates?2Amongtheargumentsforuniforms,oneofthefirstisthatintheeyesofmostpeopletheylookmoreprofessionalthancivilian(百姓的)clothes.Peoplehavebecomeconditionedtoexpectsuperiorqualityfromamanwhowearsauniform.Thetelevisionrepairmanwhowearsauniformtendstoinspiremoretrustthanonewhoappearsincivilianclothes.Faithintheskillofagaragemechanicisincreasedbyauniform.Whateasierwayisthereforanurse,apoliceman,abarber,orawaitertoloseprofessionalidentity(身份)thantostepoutofuniform?3Uniformsalsohavemanypracticalbenefits.Theysaveonotherclothes.Theysaveonlaundrybills.Theyaretax-deductible(可减税的).Theyareoftenmorecomfortableandmoredurablethancivilianclothes.4Primaryamongtheargumentsagainstuniformsistheirlackofvarietyandtheconsequentlossofindividualityexperiencedbypeoplewhomustwearthem.Thoughtherearemanytypesofuniforms,thewearerofanyparticulartypeisgenerallystuckwithit,withoutchange,untilretirement.Whenpeoplelookalike,theytendtothink,speak,andactsimilarly,onthejobatleast.5Uniformsalsogiverisetosomepracticalproblems.Thoughtheyarelonglasting,oftentheirinitialexpenseisgreaterthanthecostofcivilianclothes.Someuniformsarealsoexpensivetomaintain,requiringprofessionaldrycleaningratherthanthehomelaunderingpossiblewithmanytypesofcivilianclothes.同学们肯定说2分钟不可能读完,但实际上我们只需要读下面这些划线的句子,这篇文章的脉络就出来了。Americansareproudoftheirvarietyandindividuality,yettheyloveandrespectfewthingsmorethanauniform,…WhyareuniformssopopularintheUnitedStates?Amongtheargumentsforuniforms,oneofthefirstisthatintheeyesofmostpeopletheylookmoreprofessionalthancivilian(百姓的)clothes.Uniformsalsohavemanypracticalbenefits.Primaryamongtheargumentsagainstuniformsistheirlackofvarietyandtheconsequentlossofindividualityexperiencedbypeoplewhomustwearthem.Uniformsalsogiverisetosomepracticalproblems.文章第一段给出了主题:uniforms,并且提出了问题:WhyareuniformssopopularintheUnitedStates?(为什么制服在美国如此受欢迎?)在第二段作者讨论支持制服的主要原因,我们需要注意两个词:for,first。第三段紧接着提到制服的一些实际的好处。第四段作者的笔锋一转,提到反对制服的主要原因,两个关键词是:primary,against。同样,在第五段给出的是一些反对制服实际的问题。第1页本文可以分为主题段(第一段)和展开段(第二、三和四、五段)。其中二、三段是一个小的展开,四、五段是第二个小的展开。读到这里,同学们实际上应该知道,这篇文章主要讲的是制服的优点(第二、三段)和缺点(第四、五段)。那么做本文的第五题就很容易了:5.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe.A)UniformsandSocietyB)TheImportanceofWearingaUniformC)PracticalBenefitsofWearingaUniformD)AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofUniforms答案显而易见是D)。而且我们可以有这样的判断:第二、四段应该是老师出题的重点,因为它们讲的是主要的方面;而三、五段可以一带而过,因为讨论的是一些次要的内容。同时,我们应该了解每篇文章不是每一句话都要仔细读的。实际上,每篇文章都有四分之一左右的内容不需要读。如果我们觉得有一句话不读...