大学英语综合教程3Unit-8答案VIP专享VIP免费

Unit8PartIPre-ReadingTaskScriptfortherecording:ACloneofOurOwnWillhumansbethenextclones?Thetechnologystillhasalongwaytogobeforeit'sconsideredsafetotryonhumans.Butevenifitweresafe,woulditberight?Let'shearwhatProfessorHankGreelyofStanfordUniversityhastosayonthistopic.Interviewer:Whenwillwecloneahuman?Greely:That'snotasimplequestion.Ithinkwehavetoaskourselves:istheresomethingaboutthetechnologythatissowrongorsoevilthatitshouldn'tbeusedatall?Orshoulditbejudgedaccordingtoitsintendeduses?Interviewer:Whatareacceptableuses?Greely:Wereallyneedtodistinguishbetweendifferenttypesofcloning.Ifweusecloningtogrowanewliver,Idon'tthinkmanypeoplewillhaveproblemswiththat-aslongasit'sgrowingaliverandnottakingaliverfromaclonedperson.Humanreproductivecloningismuchtrickier.Interviewer:Why?Greely:Safety.There'sstillaverylowsuccessrate.WithDolly,thefirstclonedlamb,29treatedeggswereimplantedinsheeptogetoneDolly.Wedon'tworrytoomuchaboutsheepmiscarriagesoraboutdeformedlambsbeingborn.Butwewouldwithhumans.Andwewouldn'tknowifahumanclonewouldbehealthy.Interviewer:Dollyappearstobehealthy.Whywouldn'tahumanclonebeso?Greely:Theremaybecellchangesthatareinitiallyinvisibleandonlyshowthemselvesasthecloneages.There'salsoaproblemwiththeendsofchromosomesincells,whichshortenuntilthecellscannolongerreproduce.WeknowthatDolly'schromosomesareshorterthanthoseofothersheepherage,andwedon'tknowwhatthatmeansyet.-188-AppendixIInterviewer:Supposehumancloningwassafe.Inwhatsituationsdoyouseecloningbeingused?Greely:Helpingparentswhoarehavingdifficultyhavingchildrenwouldbeonearea.Interviewer:Arethereothersituationswhereitmightbeacceptabletocreateahumanclone?Greely:Asituationwhereparentswanttocreateanewchildtobeabonemarrowdonorforanoldersickchild.That'sarealtoughone.Butthatissuemightneverariseifwesucceedingrowingbonemarrowoutsidethebody.Anothersituationiscloningachildwhohasaccidentallydied.Ithinkthat'sdisturbing.ButI'veneverbeeninthatpositionandsoIdon'tfeelcomfortablesayingwhetherthat'sagoodapplicationorabadapplicationofthetechnology.Interviewer:WhataboutcloningaHitlerorMichaelJordan?Greely:Ithinkwecandismissthoseasbadorevensillyapplications.Interviewer:Isthereanythingelseyou'dliketosayaboutthefutureofhumancloning?Greely:Evenifcloninghumansweresafeandweasasocietyhaddecideditwasrightandproperforreproductivepurposes,Idon'tthinkwe'dseealotofclones.Theoldfash-ionedwayofmakingbabieshasalotgoingforit:It'seasy,traditional,wellunderstood,andoccasionallyevenpleasant.Peoplearenotgoingtogiveupsexanytimesoon.PartIITextATexfOrganization1.PartsParagraphsMainIdeasPartOneParas1-2Dollythesheep,aclone,wasborn.PartTwoParas3-6Dolly'sbirthhasmadecloningarealityandhumanclon-ingapossibility.PartThreeParas7-11Peoplehavetofacetheethicalproblemsofhumanclon-ing.PartFourParas12-16Cloningtechnologycouldbenefitpeopleinmorethanoneway.AppendixI-189-2.SectionsParagraphsMainIdeasSectionOneParas7-9Humancloninghasgivenrisetothequestionofwhatimplica-tionsthetechnologymayhaveformankind.SectionTwoParas10-11Themakingoftheatomicbombhadatremendousimpactonscientists.Vocabulary1)residence2)gavebirthto3)fuse4)primitive-5)genes6)compromise7)mixture8)union9)beforehand10)startedout11)comment,12)catalog13)theoretical14)alltheworld15)opposed1)callsfor2)wokeup3)tookup4)runsoutof5)sums...up6)brokedown7)lashedoutat8)hasgrowninto1)ThehillsidefacingthePacificisdottedwithcolorfulhouses....