PeriodFiveGrammar—Unrealconditionals感知以下句子,完成方框下的小题1.IfIwereyou,Ishouldtrymybesttogotocollege.2.WereIyou,Ishouldtrymybesttogotocollege.3.Ifhehadgonetothepartylastnight,everythingwouldhavechanged.4.Hadhegonetothepartylastnight,everythingwouldhavechanged.5.Ifitweretobesunnytomorrow,wewouldgooutforapicnic.6.Wereittobesunnytomorrow,wewouldgooutforapicnic.1.句1,2表示与现在事实相反的假设。2.句3,4表示与过去事实相反的假设。3.句5,6表示与将来事实相反的假设。4.句1,2;句3,4;句5,6的句意分别相同吗?相同。5.句2,4,6共同的特点是:省略if后的倒装句。一、虚拟语气简介虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。在条件句中,只有是非真实条件句时,才用虚拟语气。重要的是通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现。能够实现的是真实条件句,就不能使用虚拟语气;反之,则是非真实条件句,要使用虚拟语气。二、虚拟语气中if条件句型(1)与现在事实相反的虚拟语气条件句用动词的过去式(be动词一般用were);主句用“would/could/might/should+动词原形”。IfIknewArabic,theArabwouldnotmistakeme.如果我懂阿拉伯语,那个阿拉伯人就不会误会我了。Ifhewerehere,wewouldcongratulatehimonhispromotion.如果他在这里,我们就祝贺他晋升了。(2)与过去事实相反的虚拟语气条件句用“had+过去分词”;主句用“would/could/might/should+have+过去分词”。IfIhadbeeninvitedtotheweddingreception,Icouldhavetakenafewphotoswiththebride.如果被邀请参加那次婚宴,我可能就会和新娘一起拍几张照片了。Shewould/mighthavecomeforthecelebrationifshehadn’tbeensobusy.要是不那么忙,她就来参加庆典了。IfIhadn’ttakenyouradvice,Iwouldhavemadeabigmistake.如果没有接受你的建议,我就会犯一个大错误。(3)与将来事实相反的虚拟语气条件句用动词的过去式、“should+动词原形”或“wereto+动词原形”;主句用“would/could/might/should+动词原形”。Ifitshouldrain,wewouldn’tgoout.如果天下雨,我们就不出去。Ifheshouldstudy/weretostudy/studiedhard,hewouldliveuptohisparents’expectations.如果他努力学习,就不会辜负父母的期望。三、if条件句转换成倒装句if虚拟条件句中含有should,were,had时,可把这些词移至主语前构成倒装句并省略if。例如:IfIwereinschoolagain,Iwouldworkharder.可转换为:WereIinschoolagain,Iwouldworkharder.如果我重返校园的话,我会更努力地学习。IfmylawyerhadbeenherelastSaturday,hewouldhavepreventedmefromgoing.可转换为:HadmylawyerbeenherelastSaturday,hewouldhavepreventedmefromgoing.如果我的律师上星期六在这里的话,他就会阻止我去。Ifthereshouldbeameetingtomorrow,Iwouldcome.可转换为:Shouldtherebeameetingtomorrow,Iwouldcome.如果明天有会议的话,我会来的。1.Theymighthavefoundabetterhoteliftheyafewmorekilometers.(2018·北京,13)A.droveB.woulddriveC.weretodriveD.haddriven答案D解析根据主句的谓语形式以及语境可知,if条件句应该用过去完成时,表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的结构:主句谓语用“should/would/could/might+havedone”,从句谓语用“had+过去分词”。2.Ifwetheflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeachnow.(2018·天津,15)A.hadcaughtB.caughtC.havecaughtD.wouldcatch答案A解析句意为:如果我们昨天赶上了航班的话,我们现在就在海滩上享受假期了。根据前半句中的时间状语yesterday以及后半部分中的wouldbeenjoying及时间状语now可知,这是一个错综时间条件句。从句表示与过去的事实相反的假设,故用“had+动词的过去分词”。3.notforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.(2017·江苏,22)A.ItwereB.WereitC.ItwasD.Wasit答案B解析句意为:如果没有老师们的支持,这名学生...