ReferenceforTeachingI.异国风情1.TheGrandCanyonTheGrandCanyon(大峡谷)isconsideredoneofthesevenwondersofthenaturalworld.ItisoneofAmerica'smostfamousnationalparks.Visitorstothecanyoncomefromallpartsoftheworld.Officialssayabout5millionpeoplevisittheGrandCanyoneachyear.Thecanyonextends450kilometers.ButthesurroundingareadoesnotsuggesttheexistenceofsuchalargeopeningintheEarth.Visitorscomeuponthecanyonsuddenly,whentheyreachtheedge.Thentheyarelookingatalandlikenothingelseintheworld.Wallsofrockfallawaysharply.Insomeplaces，thecanyonwallsaremorethanakilometerdeep.Farbelowisthedark,turninglineoftheColoradoRiver(科罗拉多河).Ontheothersideofthecanyon,sunshinelightsuptherockwallsinred,orangeandgold.Thebrightcolorsaretheresultofmineralsintherocks.Theirappearancechangeswiththelight,thetimeofyearsandtheweather.Atsunset,whenthesunhasmovedacrossthesky,thecanyonwallstakeonquietercolorsofblue,purple(紫色)andgreen.Hundredsofrockypointsrisefromthebottomofthecanyon.Someareverytall.Yetallarebelowthelevelofanobserverontheedge,lookingover.ThereareseveralwaystoseetheGrandCanyon．Manyvisitorswalkalongpathsdownintothecanyon.Ittakesseveralhourstowalktothebottom,ittakestwotimesaslongtowalkbackup．Somevisitorsridemules(骡子)t0thebottomofthecanyonandback．Mulesarestronganimalsthatlooklikehorses．Theyareknownfortheirabilitytowalkslowlyandsafelyonthepaths．ManypeopleseetheGrandCanyonbyair．Theypayahelicopterorairplanepilottoflythemaboveandaroundthecanyon．OthersseeitfromtheColoradoRiver．Theyrideboatsoverthefastmovingwater．Thesetripscanlastfromoneweektothreeweeks．America'sNationalParkServiceisinchargeofprotectingtheGrandCanyonfromtheeffectsofsomanyvisitors．Visitorsmustcarrya11wastematerialsoutofthearea．Allrocks．historicalobjects，plantsandwildlifemustbeleftuntouched．TheNationalParkServicetellsitsvisitors，“Takeonlyphotographs．Leaveonlyfootprints．”2．TheBirthofAnIslandSurtseywasbornin1963．Itwasagreateventforscientists．Theywereluckyenoughtoseethebirthofthisvolcanicisland．Itbeganat7：30a．m．on14thNovember．AfishingboatwassailingnearIceland．Theboatmovedunderthecaptain'sfeet．Henoticedastrangesmell．Hesawsomeblacksmoke．Avolcanowaserupting．ThebottomofthegreyAtlanticwasopen．Red—hotrocks，flamesandsmokewererushingupfromasplitinthesea-bed．Theislandgrew用心爱心专心1quickly．Itwas10metreshighthenextdayand60metreshighon18thNovember．ScientistsflewtoReykjaviktowatch．Itwasveryexciting．Smokeandflameswerestillrushingup．Piecesofred—hotrockwereflyingintotheairandfallingintothesea．Theseawasboilingandtherewasastrangelightinthesky.Surtseygrewandgrew．ThenitstoppedinJune1967．Itwas175metreshighand2kilometreslong．AndlifewasalreadycomingtoSurtsey．Seedscameoverthesea.Plantsgrew．Birdscame．Somescientistsbuiltahouse．Theywantto1earnaboutthisyoungisland．Anewislandislikeanewworld．Ⅱ．知识归纳l.urge的用法(1)urge常作及物动词，意为：推进，极力主张，强烈要求，催促，劝，激励，怂恿，强调。①跟名词e．g．WeChinesepeoplehavepersistentlyurgedtheequalityofnations。bigorsmall。我们中国人民一贯坚决主张国无大小应一律平等。Theyurgeddirectuseoftroopstotrytosuppressthemovement．他们强烈要求用部队去设法平息运动。②跟带不定式的复合结构e．g．HeurgedWuDongtohelphim．他恳请吴东去帮助他。Motherurgedmenottotellyouanythingaboutit．妈妈要求我什么也不要对你说。③跟从句[从句用虚拟语气：(should+)动词原形]e．g．Theyurgedthatthelibrary...
