Unit4Exploringplants-readingPartOne:TeachingDesignPeriod1:Asamplelessonplanforreading(PLANTEXPLORATIONINTHE18THAND19THCENTURIES)AimsTohelpstudentsdeveloptheirreadingabilityTohelpstudentslearnexploringplantsProcedures■WarmingupbydefiningplantsPlantsareamajorgroupoflivingthings(about300,000species),includingfamiliarorganismssuchastrees,flowers,herbs,andferns.Aristotledividedalllivingthingsbetweenplants,whichgenerallydonotmoveorhavesensoryorgans,andanimals.InLinnaeus'system,thesebecametheKingdomsVegetabilia(laterPlantae)andAnimalia.Sincethen,ithasbecomeclearthatthePlantaeasoriginallydefinedincludedseveralunrelatedgroups,andthefungiandseveralgroupsofalgaewereremovedtonewkingdoms.However,thesearestilloftenconsideredplantsinmanycontexts.Indeed,anyattempttomatch"plant"withasingletaxonisdoomedtofail,becauseplantisavaguelydefinedconceptunrelatedtothepresumedphylogenicconceptsonwhichmoderntaxonomyisbased.WarmingupbytalkingaboutdifferentgardensGardensvaryinformsandfunctions.Howmanycanyouseeinyourarea?GardensmayfunctioninaparticularmannerBotanicalgarden,Communitygarden,Forestgarden,Raisedbedgardening,Residentialgarden,Roofgarden,Verticalgarden,Waterorsoil-lessgardening(hydroponics),Walledgarden,Windowbox,Zoologicalgarden■WarmingupbydiscussinggardeningGardeningistheactivityofgrowingandmaintainingthegarden.Thisworkisdonebyanamateurorprofessionalgardener.Agardenermightalsoworkinanon-gardensetting,suchasapark,aroadsideembankment,orotherpublicspace.Landscapearchitectureisarelatedprofessionalactivitywithlandscapearchitectstendingtospecialiseindesignforpublicandcorporateclients.I.Pre-readingWhatisagarden?Agardenisaplannedspace,usuallyoutdoors,setasideforthedisplay,cultivation,andenjoymentofplantsandotherformsofnature.Thegardencanincorporatebothnaturalandman-madematerials.Themostcommonformisknownasaresidentialgarden.Westerngardensarealmostuniversallybasedaroundplants.Zoos,whichdisplaywildanimalsinsimulatednaturalhabitats,wereformerlycalledzoölogicalgardens.Sometraditionaltypesofeasterngardens,suchasZengardens,useplantssparselyornotatall.Food-producinggardensaredistinguishedfromfarmsbytheirsmallerscale,morelabor-intensivemethods,用心爱心专心andtheirpurpose(enjoymentofahobbyratherthanproduceforsale);thisdistinctionisnotalwaysclear-cut,however.Thegardeningarticlediscussesthedifferencesandsimilaritiesbetweengardensandfarmsingreaterdetail.Gardeningistheactivityofgrowingandmaintainingthegarden.Thisworkisdonebyanamateurorprofessionalgardener.Agardenermightalsoworkinanon-gardensetting,suchasapark,aroadsideembankment,orotherpublicspace.Landscapearchitectureisarelatedprofessionalactivitywithlandscapearchitectstendingtospecialiseindesignforpublicandcorporateclients.II.ReadingforformsReadthetextPLANTEXPLORATIONINTHE18THAND19THCENTURIESto:cut/thesentenceintothoughtgroups,blackenthepredicative,darkentheconnectivesandunderlinealltheusefulexpressions.PLANTEXPLORATIONINTHE18THAND19THCENTURIESTheplants/inourgardens/looksofamiliar/thatoftenwedonotrealizethat/manyofthemactuallycomefromcountries/faraway．Collecting“exotic”plants，astheyarecalled，datesbacktotheearliesttimes．Manyancientcivilizationssawthevalueofbringingbackplants/fromdistantlands．Thefirstplantcollectingexpedition/recordedinhistorywasaround1500BC/whentheQueenofEgyptsentshipsawaytogatherplants，animals/andothergoods．However，itwasnotuntil...
