英语独立主格结构简析■山东刘永科独立主格结构,是由“名词或代词+现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词短语、名词短语、介词短语或副词短语”构成的一种独立结构
在该结构中,名词或代词与其后的部分构成逻辑上的主谓关系,用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子
在句中作状语,表示“时间、条件、原因、伴随,方式或结果”等含义
其位置比较灵活,放于句首句末均可
名词(代词)+现在分词Theclockstrikingtwelve,Iwenttobed
(表原因)Thesewomenhavingproducedworksofthehighestquality,anysurveyofthe19thcenturyEnglishliteraturemustincludethem
(表原因)2
名词(代词)+过去分词Helaythereonhisback,histeethset,hisrighthandclenchedonhisbreast
(表伴随)Enoughtimegiven,shewillsurelydothejobbetter
(表条件)3
名词(代词)+不定式Herearethefirstthreevolumes,thefourthonetocomeoutnextmonth
(表伴随)Heproposedapicnic,hehimselftopayfortherailwayticketsandJohntoprovidethefood
(表方式)4
名词(代词)+形容词短语Herfacepalewithanger,sherosetogoaway
(表原因)Isawadeeppond,thewaterbluelikethesky
(表结果)5
名词(代词)+介词短语Then,lastnight,Ifollowedhimhereandclimbedin,swordinhand
(表方式)Childina