同步语法—新人教必修一Unit5：“关系副词”及“介词+关系代词”"关系副词"及“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句一、关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词的指代及功能关系副词先行词功能when表示时间的名词时间状语where表示地点的名词地点状语whyreason原因状语1．关系副词when引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语。IstillrememberthetimewhenIfirsttravelledbyplane.我仍然记得第一次坐飞机旅行的时候。Wewillneverforgettheyearwhenthe29thOlympicGameswereheldinBeijing.我们将永远不会忘记第29届奥运会在北京举办的那一年。2．关系副词where引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示地点或抽象地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语。I'dliketoliveinthehousewherethereisplentyofsunshine.我喜欢住在那个阳光充足的房子里。3．关系副词why引导定语从句时，先行词常常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语。Canyouexplainthereason(＝forwhich)whyyoudon'thelphim?你能解释一下不帮助他的理由吗？Idon'tknowthereasonwhyhedidn'tturntohisgoodfriendforhelpyesterday.我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。(why作原因状语)Iwon'tlistentothereasonthat/whichyouhavegivenus.我坚决不听你提供给我们的那个理由。(定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用which/that，不用why)二、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词＋whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词＋which”；关系代词有时也用whose(作定语)。选用介词的依据：1．根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。YesterdaywevisitedtheWestLakeforwhichHangzhouisfamous.昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因其而出名。(befamousfor)2．根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)。Thisisthecamerawithwhichheoftentakesphotos.这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(withthecamera)ThebossinwhosecompanyMr.Kingworkedheardabouttheaccident.金先生所工作的公司的老板听到了这起事故。(intheboss'company)3．根据句子的意思来选择。Thecolourlessgaswithoutwhichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.这种无色的、离了它我们就无法生存的气体是氧气。4．表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。Ihaveabout10books,halfofwhichwerewrittenbyMoYan.我有大约10本书，其中一半是莫言写的。学以致用用适当的关系副词或关系代词填空1.Istillremembertheday______IfirstcametoBeijing.2.Thisistheroom______mygrandparentslivedlastyear.3.Doyouknowthereason______herefusedtogotoMary’sbirthdayparty.4.Chinaisalargecountry______manydifferentdialectsarespoken.5.Thefactory______hisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.6.Thisisthehospital______mymotherworks.7.Thatisthereason______Ididthejob.8.Idon’tknowtheexacttime______theywillmeet.9.Istillremembertheplace______Imetherforthefirsttime.10.That’soneofthereasons______Iaskedyoutocome.11.Mr.WangwillflytoBeijing,______hewillstayforthreemonths.12.Therecomesatime______youhavetomakeachoice.13.Iamlookingforwardtotheday_____mydaughtercanknowmyfeelingsforher.14.We’llputoffthepicnicuntilnextweek,______theweathermaybebetter.15.______weknow,thisistheday______thequakehappenedthirty-fiveyearsago.16.Heworksinafactory______makesthistypeofiPhone.17.Thisisthehospital______wevisitedthedaybeforeyesterday.18.Finallyhereachedalonelyisland________wascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.19.Idoubtthereason______hegaveusforhisbeingabsentfromthemeeting.20.Theway_____ourchemistryteacherdidtheexperimentwasveryinteresting.参考答案1.when/onwhich2where/inwhich3.why/forwhich4.where/inwhich5.where/inwhich6.where/inwhich7.why/forwhich8.when/atwhich9.where/inwhich10.why/forwhich11.where12.when13.when/onwhich14.when15.As;when/onwhich16.that/which17.that/which18.that/which19.that/which20.that/inwhich
