2013届高考英语二轮专题总复习 精选综合能力专练 阅读理解7VIP免费

2013届高考英语二轮专题总复习精选综合能力专练：阅读理解7Peoplediettolookmoreattractive.Fishdiettoavoidbeingbeatenup,thrownoutoftheirsocialgroup,andgettingeatenasaresult.ThatisthefascinatingconclusionofthelatestresearchintofishbehaviorbyateamofAustralianscientists.Theresearchteamhavediscoveredthatsubordinatefishvoluntarilydiettoavoidchallengingtheirlargercompetitors.“Instudyinggobieswenoticedthatonlythelargesttwoindividuals,amaleandfemale，hadbreeding(繁殖)rightswithinthegroup,”explainsMarianWong.“Allothergroupmembersarenonbreedingfemales,eachbeing5～10%smallerthanitsnextlargestcompetitor.Wewantedtofindouthowtheymaintainthisprecisesizeseparation.”Thereasonforthesizedifferencewaseasytosee.Onceasubordinatefishgrowstowithin510%ofthesizeofitslargercompetitor，itcausesafightwhichusuallyendsinthesmallergobybeingdrivenawayfromthegroup.Moreoftenthannot,the_evicted_fish_istheneatenup.Itappearedthatthesmallerfishwerekeepingthemselvessmallinordertoavoidchallengingthebossfish.Whethertheydidsovoluntarily，byrestraininghowmuchtheyate,wasnotclear.Theresearchteamdecidedtodoanexperiment.Theytriedtofattenupsomeofthesubordinategobiestoseewhathappened.Totheirsurprise，thegobiessimplyrefusedtheextrafoodtheywereoffered，clearlypreferringtoremainsmallandavoidfights,overhavingafeast.Thediscoverychallengesthetraditionalscientificviewofhowbossindividualskeeptheirpositioninagroup.Previouslyitwasthoughtthatlargeindividualssimplyusedtheirweightandsizetothreatentheirsubordinatesandtakemoreofthefoodforthemselves，sokeepingtheircompetitorssmall.Whilethehabitsofgobiesmayseemalittlemysterious,Dr.Wongexplainsthatunderstandingtherelationshipsbetweenbossandsubordinateanimalsisimportanttounderstandinghowhierarchical(等级的)societiesremainstable.Theresearchhasprovedthefactthatvoluntarydietingisahabitfarfromexclusivetohumans.“Asyet,welackacompleteunderstandingofhowwidespreadthevoluntaryreductionoffoodintakeisinnature，”theresearcherscomment.“Dataonhumandietingsuggeststhat，whilehumansgenerallydiettoimprovehealthorincreaseattractiveness,rarelydoesitimprovelongtermhealthandmalesregularlypreferfemalesthatarefatterthanthefemales’ownideal.”[语篇解读]人们节食是为了更有魅力。令鱼类专家们惊奇的是有种鱼也要节食。实验发现它们节食可不是为了美，而是为了自我保护。如果身体大小吸引到竞争者的注意，会有被殴打、驱逐，最后被吃掉的危险。5．Whenagobygrowstowithin510%ofthesizeofitslargercompetitor,it________.1A.facesdangerB.hasbreedingrightsC.eatsitscompetitorD.leavesthegroupitself[解析]推理判断题。从第三段可得知如果身体大小超过权威的规定范围，会有被殴打驱逐最后被吃掉的危险。[答案]A6．Theunderlinedwords“theevictedfish”inParagraph3referto________.A.thefishbeatenupB.thefishfoundoutC.thefishfattenedupD.thefishdrivenaway[解析]猜测词义题。从本段前文可知，体积超标的鱼会被赶出鱼群。接着说到，不仅如此，这些鱼往往会被吃掉。这些鱼一定是指被驱逐的鱼。[答案]D7．Theexperimentshowedthatthesmallerfish________.A.foughtoverafeastB.wentondietwillinglyC.preferredsomeextrafoodD.challengedthebossfish[解析]事实细节题。从第四段中的试验可得知这些鱼是自愿节食。[答案]B8．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Fishdietingandhumandieting.B.Dietingandhealth.C.Humandieting.D.Fishdieting.[解析]主旨大意题。文章通篇都是围绕鱼的节食来叙述。故选D。[答案]DFindWhichDirectionIsSouthDoyouhaveagoodsenseofdirection?Ifnot,pleasetakewithyouacompass.Butifyouforgettotak...