摘要射频识别(Radiofrequencyidentification,RFID),又称电子标签(E-Tag),是一种利用射频信号自动识别目标对象并获取相关信息的技术。随着技术的进步,RFID应用领域日益扩大,现已涉及到人们日常生活的各个方面,并将成为未来信息社会建设的一项基础技术。因此,研究、设计和开发RFID系统具有十分重要的理论意义和实际意义。论文系统地论述了射频识别系统和读卡器的理论分析,研究了射频识别系统中的许多关键技术,并提出了射频识别读卡器的设计方案。本文首先分析了射频识别技术的基本原理、研究方向和应用情况。在充分研究了射频卡的基本原理、技术特点、国际相关标准后,进而提出了基于STC11F32单片机的射频读卡器系统设计的方法。设计采用MFRC522射频读写模块在STC11F32单片机的控制下实现对Mifare卡的读写访问操作。硬件部分设计主要包括单片机控制电路设计,射频模块设计,天线电路设计串行通信电路设计,声音提示及显示电路设计等,其中详细讨论了读卡器的软件设计方法。软件设计包括单片机处理程序,射频基站芯片RC522的基本操作、Mifare卡操作程序设计、声音提示及显示部分程序等。论文中系统地讨论了软件实现读卡器与Mifare卡之间通信所要求的请求应答、防冲撞、选卡片、认证、读写等功能模块的实现原理。关键词:射频识别,读卡器,IC卡,STC11F32,MFRC522AbstractRadiofrequencyidentification(radiofrequencyidentification,RFID),alsoknownaselectronictags(e-Tag),isanRFsignalautomatictargetrecognitionandaccesstorelevantinformationtechnology.Withtheadvancesintechnology,RFIDapplicationswidening,hasbeeninvolvedinallaspectsofpeople'sdailylives,andwillbecomeabasictechnologyofthefutureinformationsociety.Therefore,research,designanddevelopmentofRFIDsystemshasimportanttheoreticalandpracticalsignificance.Discussesthetheoreticalanalysisofradiofrequencyidentificationsystemandcardreadertothepapersystem,manyofthekeytechnologyofradiofrequencyidentificationsystem,andthedesignofradiofrequencyidentificationreader.Thispaperfirstlyanalyzesthebasicprincipleofradiofrequencyidentificationtechnology,theresearchdirectionandapplication.InthefullstudyofRFCardbasicprinciple,technicalcharacteristics,relevantinternationalstandards,andthenputforwardbasedonSTC11F32singlechipRFcardreadersystemdesignmethod.ThedesignadoptsMFRC522radiofrequencyreadwritemoduleinSTC11F32underthecontrolofasingle-chipmicrocomputertorealizeMifarecardreadandwriteaccessoperations.ThehardwarepartofthedesignincludingtheMCUcontrolcircuitdesign,designoftheRFmodule,Antennacircuitdesign,circuitdesignoftheserialcommunication,voicepromptsanddisplaycircuitdesign,includingdetaileddiscussionofthereadersoftwaredesignmethods.Softwaredesign,includingthemicrocontrollerhandler,thebasicoperationoftheRFbasestationchipRC522,Mifarecardoperatingprocedures,voicepromptsanddisplaypartoftheprogram.ThepaperdiscussedtherequestresponsecommunicationbetweenthesoftwareimplementationofthereaderwithMifarecardrequired,anti-collision,electioncard,certification,readandwritefunctionmoduleprinciple.Keywords:RFID,reader,ICcard,STC11F32,MFRC522目录1绪论………………………………………………………………51.1课题研究的背景与意义1.2RFID读卡器国内外现状及前景2射频识别系统技术及相关理论……………………………………72.1射频识别系统原理2.2射频识别系统组成2.3射频识别系统的分类2.4非接触式IC卡--S502.5读卡器的工作原理3非接触式IC卡国际标准…………………………………………103.1TYPEA的初始化和防冲突4读卡器系统硬件设计……………………………………………144.1MCU控制部分4.2射频部分4.3天线设计4.4声音提示及显示部分5读卡器系统软件驱动程序设计………………………………165.1RC522命...