阅读理解突破(三)——推理判断题1．推理判断题的提问方式(1)Itcanbeinferred/concluded/seenfromthepassagethat________.(2)Whichofthefollowingconclusionscanwedrawaccordingtothepassage?(3)Inwhichofthefollowingpublications(出版物)wouldthispassagemostlikelybeprinted?(4)Thepassageimplies,butdoesn’tdirectlystatethat________.(5)Thewritersuggeststhat________.(6)Theauthorprobablyfeelsthat________.(7)Theauthorusestheexampleof...toshowthat________.(8)What’stheauthor’sattitudetoward...?2．推理判断题的解题策略(1)严格按照阅读材料中所提供的信息进行推理,千万不要掺杂自己的主观想法或经验。(2)如果某选项中的内容是阅读材料的简单重复,那它就不是推论,也就不是正确答案。(3)如果某选项所表达的内容与经验相吻合,文中却没有涉及,那它属于主观臆断的结论,也不是正确答案。(4)如果某个选项所表达的内容虽在文中提到,但很片面或很不完整,那也不是正确答案。(5)文中的虚拟语气和情态动词(should,must,may,etc.)往往能流露出作者的弦外之音,这有助于我们确定正确答案。(6)注意作者在文章中的措辞,比如作者在形容词前用了too,excessively,rather等,则常带有否定的口气。(7)某些过渡词如however,but,onthecontrary,whatismore等后面所表达的内容往往能反映作者的观点和态度。3．推理判断题类型及应对措施(1)数据推理解答此类题,关键是要善于捕捉有关数字信息,然后在透彻理解原文的字面意思和题意的基础上,运用自己的数学知识,对其进行分析、推理,从而得出正确答案。(2)知识推理知识推理题是根据文章中所阐述的细节,运用自己掌握的基础知识进行分析、推敲,从而得出符合文章原意的结论的一种推断方法。解答此类题,不仅需要我们有一定的社会基础知识,而且还需要对细节以及有关背景知识有一个充分的理解。(3)逻辑推理逻辑结论是指严格根据文章所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理,从而得出合乎逻辑的结论,而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内容。解答这类题的前提是首先获得短文的主题思想或列举的具体事实,然后按题意的要求进行推断。1Mostchildren,eventheyoungestchildren,aredelightedtobearoundcatsanddogs.Butthesepetscarryplentyofgermsandallergens(过敏原),promptingresearcherstoask：Arecatsanddogsreallysafeforchildren?Astudyfindsthat,contrarytomanyparents’fears,owningcatsordogsdoesnotincreaseachild’sriskofdevelopingallergies,andinfact,mayactuallyprotectthem.Thestudy’sleadauthor,Dr.DennisOwnbyoftheMedicalCollegeofGeorgia,saidthatevenhewas“verysurprised”bytheresults.Ownbyandcolleaguesfollowedmorethan470childrenfrombirthtoage6or7,comparingthoseexposedtocatsanddogsduringtheirfirstyearsoflifetothosewhowerenot.Byusingskinpricktestsfordetectingcommonallergies,theresearchersfoundthat,contrarytowhatmanydoctorshadbeentaughtforyears,childrenwhohadlivedwithapetwerenotatgreaterrisk.Evenmoreremarkable,childrenwhohadtwoormoredogsorcatshadanevengreaterreduction,upto77percent,inriskofallergies.Researcherssuggestthisprotectiveeffectmaybetheresultofearlyexposuretolotsofbacteriathatarecarriedbydogsandcats.Exposingyoungchildrentothesebacteriahelps“exercise”theirimmunesystemsearlyinlifesothatthey’rebetterabletoresistallergicdiseaseslater.“There’ssomethingveryimportantinthefirstyearsoflifewhentheimmunesystemisdevelopingthatwecanretrainitawayfromanallergicresponse,”saidDr.WilliamDavis.Andwhileresearchersarenotencouragingparentstobuydogsorcatsjusttoreduceachild’sallergyrisk,theysayifafamilyalreadyhasoneormoreanimals,there’snoneedtogetridofthem.1．Whydotheresearchersfeel“verysurprised”bytheresultsofthestudy?A．Becausetheresultsarecontrarytotheirexpectation.B．Becausesomanychildrenareplayingwit...
