定语从句小结及练习一．定语是限定修饰名词或代词的。二．可以作定语的除形容词外，还有名词、代词、数词、冠词、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语等。(1)awhitewall（冠词、形容词）(2)ourclassroom（代词）(3)fiveboys（数词）(4)aboyschool（名词）注意：特殊man,woman这两个名词作定语时，单复数要随后面的名词而定。amandoctortwomendoctorsawomanscientistthreewomenscientistsTherearewomenpoliceofficers,womendoctors,teachers,engineers,farmersandsoon.(5)Themaninthetreecamedown.(介词短语)(6)Ihavesomethingtotellyou.(不定式)(7)arunningmachine(现在分词)(8)apollutedriver(过去分词)(9)areadingroom(动名词)(10)定语从句在复合句中，限定修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。Aplaneisamachine/thatcanfly.//which先行词关系代词(作主语，不能省）①定语从句所修饰的名词叫先行词。②引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)和关系副词when,where,why。③关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。区别：Thefact/thathehadnotsaidanything/surprisedeverybody.Thefact/(that)wetalkedabout/isveryimportant.介词(一)关系代词的用法1.that主要指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作主语不能省，作宾语可以省。(1)Thenoodles/that(或which)wereonthetable/weredelicious.先行词(物)关系代词(主语，指物，不能省)(2)Whoistheman/thatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?/(主语，指人，不能省)注意：在who引导的疑问句中为了音调和谐和避免重复，后用that。(3)Thatisthebesthotel/(that)Iknow/.(宾语，指物，只能用that，见P5）2.which只能指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作主语不能省，作宾语可以省。(1)Achemist’sshopisashop/which(或that)sellsmedicine./(主语）(2)Thefilm/(which或that)wesawlastnight/iswonderful.(宾语）13.who，whom，whose指人，在从句中分别作主语，宾语或定语。whom作宾语可以省。(1)Theboy/whobrokethewindow/iscalledTom.(主语）(2)Thegirl/(whom)wesawyesterday/isJim’ssister.(宾语）(3)WeiFangisthestudent/whosehousecaughtfirelastweek./(定语）(4)Iliveinaroom/whose(指物，特殊)windowopenstothesouth./(定语)(二)介词+关系代词物which介词+关系代词介词的选择要根据定语从句中有关动词的固定搭配。人whom先行词(1)Thepencil/withwhichhewaswriting/broke.先行词(物)介词+关系代词(2)Theperson/towhomIspokejustnow/isthemanager/(whom)Itold先行词(人)介词+关系代词先行词(人)关代(宾，省)youabout./(3)WuDong,withwhomIwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.(4)TheoldOlympicGames/fromwhichthemoderngamescame/beganaroundtheyear776BCinGreece.练习：(1)LastspringwevisitedtheWestLake,________Hangzhouisfamousintheworld.(2)Whereistheshirt_____youpaid20US$?(3)Chinahashundredsofislands,thelargest________isTaiwan.(如果将“,”改为“.”则填_____)(4)Shehadasonandtwodaughters,all________servedintheeacharmy.(如果将“,”改为“.”则填________)(5)Canyounametheprovinces________theYangtzeRiverflows.?(6)TheywereheldinGreece--thecountry________theGameswereborn.(7)Theapples,half________havegonebad,areinabasket.学习短语介词+关系代词引导的定语从句(1)Heworksinamiddleschool.Infrontofitthereisariver.合并：Heworksinamiddleschool,infrontofwhichthereisariver.(2)Thesoldierrantothebuilding.Onthetopofitflewaflag.合并：(3)Intheeveningtheyarrivedatahill.Atthefootofthehilltherewasatemple.合并：(三）关系副词的用法1.when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。(先行词通常是表时间的名词）(1)Istillremembertheday.IfirstcametoBeijingonthatday主谓宾主谓宾时间状语2=Istillremembertheday/whenIfirstcametoBeijing./先行词(时间)关系副词(作时状)(2)I’llneverforgettheday/whenIjoinedthePLA./(3)Doyou...
