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外贸英语函电复习考试题型：①汉译英30’/10②单选：20’/20③（用单词正确形式）填空：20’/10④shortanswer：20’/5⑤letter：10’Shortanswers:Unit1IntroductiontoBusinessLetters(商务信函概论)1.FunctionsofBusinessLetters:①toinform,whichreferstoconveyingthevastamountofinformationneededtoday-to-dayoperationsofthebusiness;②toinfluence,whichmeansthatmessagesincludedinabusinesslettershouldalsoinfluencethereader’sattitudesandfunctions.2.Writingprinciplesofbusinessletter(7C原则)：①Courtesy礼貌②Consideration体谅③Completeness完整④Clarity清楚⑤Conciseness简洁⑥Concreteness具体⑦Correctness正确Unit3Inquiries（询盘）3.Generallyspeaking,inquiriesfallintotwocategories:aGeneralInquiryandaSpecificInquiry.InaGeneralInquiry(一般询价),theimportermayaskonlyforcatalogues,pricelists,samples,samplebooks,orquotations,etc.,inordertogetageneralideaofthebusinessscopeoftheexporter.InaSpecificInquiry(具体询价),theimporterpointsoutwhatproductsheneedsandasksforaquotationoranofferforthisitem.Unit4Offers＆Quotations（报盘和报价）4.Intheinternationalbusiness,offerscanbedividedintotwokinds:（注意实盘和虚盘的区别）Afirmoffer(实盘)—Afirmofferisadefinitepromisetosellgoodsatthestatedprices,usuallywithinastatedperiodoftime.Anon-firmoffer(虚盘)—Unlikeafirmoffer,anon-firmofferisnotbindinguponthesellers.Inotherwords,anon-firmoffercanbewithdrawnorchangedbythesellers.Definitionoffirmoffers:Firmoffersaremadewhenthesellerspromisetosellgoodsatastatedpriceandwithinastatedperiodoftime.Definitionofnon-firmoffers:Non-firmoffersareofferswithreservationclause.Unit7Counter-offers(还盘)5.Definitionofacounter-offer:Acounter-offerisvirtuallyapartialrejectionoftheoriginaloffer.Italsomeansacounterproposalputforwardbythebuyer.Unit8Placing&ConfirminganOrder(订单及确认订单)6.Anordershouldatleastcontainthefollowingpoints:1.descriptionofthegoods,suchasspecification,size,quantity,qualityandarticlenumber(ifany);2.prices(unitpricesaswellastotalprices);3.termsofpayment;4.modeofpacking;5.timeoftransportation,portofdestinationandtimeofshipmentetc..Unit12UrgingEstablishmentofL/C(催开信用证)7.WhenshallL/Cbeopened:Itistheusualpracticethattheletterofcreditistobeopenedandtoreachthesellers30daysaheadofshipment.Unit14Shipment(装运)8.Threepartiesinvolvedinthemovementofthegoods:theconsigner(发货人)—whosendsthegoods;thecarrier(承运人)—whocarriesthem;theconsignee(收货人)—whoreceivesthematthedestination.9.Ashippingadviceusuallycontainsthefollowingpoints:thedateandnumberofbilloflading(B/L,提单)thedateandnumberofthecontractthenamesofcommoditiesandtheirqualityandvaluethenameofthecarryingvesselthenameoftheshippingport/loadingport(装货港)theestimatedtimeofdeparture(EDT，预定起航日期)thenameofthedestinationport(目的港)theestimatedtimeofarrival(ETA，预定到港日期)alistoftherelevantshippingdocuments(货运单据)thanksforpatronageUnit15Packing&ShippingMarks(包装和唛头)10.Factorswhichinfluencethenatureofpacking:valueofthegoodsnatureofthetransitnatureofthecargocompliancewithcustomers’orstatutoryrequirementsresalevalueofpackingmaterials,generalfragilityofcargovariationintemperatureduringthecourseofthetransiteaseofhandlingandstowageinsuranceacceptanceconditionscostofpacking11.Twoformsofpacking:largepacking/outerpacking,i.e.packingfortransportationsmallpacking/innerpacking,i.e.packagingorsalespacking选择题：1.Anexportercannotreceivepaymentuntilthegoodsonconsignme...