2013江苏阅读理解56.TheleafletistoinformvisitorsofthePark’s________A.advancedmanagementB.thrillperformancesC.entertainmentfacilitiesD.thoughtfulservices57.AvisitortotheParkcan________.A.rentastrolleroutsideFrontGateB.askforfirstaidbyThunderRunC.smokeintheWaterParkD.leavehispetatKidZvilleBWe’veconsideredseveralwaysofpayingtocutinline:hiringlinestanders,buyingticketsfromscalpers(票贩子),orpurchasinglinecuttingprivilegesdirectlyfrom,say,anairlineoranamusementpark.Eachofthesedealsreplacesthemoralsofthequeue(waitingyourturn)withthemoralsofthemarket(payingapriceforfasterservice).Marketsandqueues—payingandwaiting—aretwodifferentwaysofallocatingthings,andeachisappropriatetodifferentactivities.Themoralsofthequeue,“Firstcome,firstserved,”haveanegalitarian(平等主义的)appeal.Theytellustoignoreprivilege,power,anddeeppockets.Theprincipleseemsrightonplaygroundsandatbusstops.Butthemoralsofthequeuedonotgovernalloccasions.IfIputmyhouseupforsale,Ihavenodutytoacceptthefirstofferthatcomesalong,simplybecauseit’sthefirst.Sellingmyhouseandwaitingforabusaredifferentactivities,properlygovernedbydifferentstandards.Sometimesstandardschange,anditisunclearwhichprincipleshouldapply.Thinkoftherecordedmessageyouhear,playedoverandover,asyouwaitonholdwhencallingyourbank:“Yourcallwillbeansweredintheorderinwhichitwasreceived.”Thisisessentialforthemoralsofthequeue.It’sasifthecompanyistryingtoeaseourimpatiencewithfairness.Butdon’ttaketherecordedmessagetooseriously.Today,somepeople’scallsareansweredfasterthanothers.Callcentertechnologyenablescompaniesto“score”incomingcallsandtogivefasterservicetothosethatcomefromrichplaces.Youmightcallthistelephonicqueuejumping.Ofcourse,marketsandqueuesarenottheonlywaysofallocatingthings.Somegoodswedistributebymerit,othersbyneed,stillothersbychance.However,thetendencyofmarketstoreplacequeues,andothernon-marketwaysofallocatinggoodsissocommoninmodernlifethatwescarcelynoticeitanymore.Itisstrikingthatmostofthepaidqueue-jumpingschemeswe’veconsidered—atairportsandamusementparks,incallcenters,doctors’offices,andnationalparks—arerecentdevelopments,scarcelyimaginablethreedecadesago.Thedisappearanceofthequeuesintheseplacesmayseemanunusualconcern,butthesearenottheonlyplacesthatmarketshaveentered.58.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingseemsgovernedbytheprinciple“Firstcome,firstserved”?A.Takingbuses.B.Buyinghouses.C.Flyingwithanairline.D.Visitingamusementparks.59.TheexampleoftherecordedmessageinParagraphs4and5illustrates.A.thenecessityofpatienceinqueuingB.theadvantageofmoderntechnologyC.theuncertaintyofallocationprincipleD.thefairnessoftelephonicservices60.Thepassageismeantto.A.justifypayingforfasterservicesB.discussthemoralsofallocatingthingsC.analyzethereasonforstandinginlineD.criticizethebehaviorofqueuejumpingCIfadiversurfacestooquickly,hemaysufferthebends.Nitrogen(氮)dissolved(溶解)inhisbloodissuddenlyliberatedbythereductionofpressure.Theconsequence,ifthebubbles(气泡)accumulateinajoint,issharppainandabentbody—thusthename.Ifthebubblesforminhislungsorhisbrain,theconsequencecanbedeath.Otherair-breathinganimalsalsosufferthisdecompression(减压)sicknessiftheysurfacetoofast:whales,forexample.Andso,longago,didichthyosaurs.Thattheseancientseaanimalsgotthebendscanbeseenfromtheirbones.Ifbubblesofnitrogenforminsidethebonetheycancutoffitsbloodsupply.Thiskillsthecellsinthebo...
