精品文档20161/19英语句子成分练习题及答案句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在therebe结构、疑问句和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.Therichshouldhelpthepoor.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He精品文档20162/19practicesrunningeverymorning.2、复合谓语：由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.由系动词加表语构成。如：Wearestudents.表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如：OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.Isityours?Theweatherhasturnedcold.Thespeechisexciting.Threetimessevenistwentyone?HisjobistoteachEnglish.Hishobbyisplayingfootball.Themachinemustbeoutoforder.Timeisup.Theclassisover.Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如：Theywenttoseeanexhibitionyesterday.精品文档20163/19Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.Hepretendednottoseeme.Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.Ithinkheisfitforhisoffice.宾语种类：双宾语，例如：Lendmeyourdictionary,please.复合宾语，例如：Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。例如：HisfathernamedhimDongming.Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.Letthefreshairin.Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.Wesawherenteringtheroom.Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。精品文档20164/19定语可由以下等成分表示：Guilinisabeautifulcity.Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示：Lighttravelsmostquickly.Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.Waitaminute.Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.状语种类如下：Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?精品文档20165/19Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.Iamtallerthanheis.练习一一、指出下列句子划线...
