AKI的定义、诊断及治疗目的•更新观念,提高认识;•了解新指标,早期做诊断;•应用新技术,早期做干预
流行病学•Itoccursin–5%ofallhospitalizedpatientsand–35%ofthoseinintensivecareunits•Mortalityishigh:•upto75–90%inpatientswithsepsis•35–45%inthosewithoutMedianhospitallengthofstay(LOS)stratifiedbysingleacuteorgansystemdysfunction(AOSD),includingacuterenalfailure(ARF)
AcuteKidneyInjuryAcuteRenalFailureARF定义的提出•thefirstdescriptionofARFtermedischuriarenalis,wasbyWilliamHeberdenin1802;•namedacuteBright’sdisease,waswelldescribedinWilliamOsler’searlyworks(1909);•DuringWorldWarIthesyndromewasnamed‘WarNephritis’;•WorldWarII,BywatersandBeall,crushsyndrome;•HomerW
Smithwhoiscreditedwiththeintroductionoftheterm‘ARF’in1951
•BY2002,atleast35definitionsintheliterature
急性肾衰竭是指肾小球滤过功能在数小时至数周内迅速降低而引起的以水、电解质和酸碱平衡失调以及含氮废物蓄积为主要特征的一组临床综合症
RIFLE分级2002年急性透析质量倡议组(ADQI)制