StructureandfunctionoftheMCS-51seriesStructureandfunctionoftheMCS-51seriesone-chipcomputerMCS-51isanameofapieceofone-chipcomputerserieswhichIntelCompanyproduces.Thiscompanyintroduced8top-gradeone-chipcomputersofMCS-51seriesin1980afterintroducing8one-chipcomputersofMCS-48seriesin1976.Itbelongtoalotofkindsthislineofone-chipcomputerthechipshave,suchas8051,8031,8751,80C51BH,80C31BH,etc.,theirbasiccomposition,basicperformanceandinstructionsystemareallthesame.8051dailyrepresentatives-51serialone-chipcomputers.Anone-chipcomputersystemismadeupofseveralfollowingparts:(1)Onemicroprocessorof8(CPU).(2)AtslicedatamemoryRAM(128B/256B),itusenotdeposittingnotcanreading/datathatwrite,suchasresultnotmiddleofoperation,finalresultanddatawantedtoshow,etc.(3)ProcedurememoryROM/EPROM(4KB/8KB),isusedtopreservetheprocedure,someinitialdataandforminslice.ButdoesnottakeROM/EPROMwithinsomeone-chipcomputers,suchas8031,8032,80C,etc..(4)Four8runsidebysideI/OinterfaceP0fourP3,eachmouthcanuseasintroduction,mayuseasexportingtoo.(5)Twotimer/counter,eachtimer/countermaysetupandcountintheway,usedtocounttotheexternalincident,cansetupintoatimingwaytoo,andcanaccordingtocountorresultoftimingrealizethecontrolofthecomputer.(6)Fivecutoffcuttingoffthecontrolsystemofthesource.(7)OneallduplexingserialI/OmouthofUART(universalasynchronousreceiver/transmitter(UART)),isitrealizeone-chipcomputerorone-chipcomputerandserialcommunicationofcomputertousefor.(8)Stretchoscillatorandclockproducecircuit,quartzcrystalfinelytuneelectriccapacityneedouter.Allowoscillationfrequencyas12megahertasnowatmost.Everytheabove-mentionedpartwasjoinedthroughtheinsidedatabus.Amongthem,CPUisacoreoftheone-chipcomputer,itisthecontrolofthecomputerandcommandcentre,madeupofsuchpartsasarithmeticunitandcontroller,etc..Thearithmeticunitcancarryon8personsofarithmeticoperationandunitALUoflogicoperationwhileincludingone,the1storingdevicetemporariliesof8,storingdevice2temporarily,8'saccumulationdeviceACC,registerBandprocedurestateregisterPSW,etc.PersonwhoaccumulateACCcountby2inputendsenteredofcheckingetc.temporarilyasoneoperationoften,comefrompersonwhostore1operationisitisitmakeoperationtogoontocounttemporarily,operationresultandloopbackACCwithanotherone.Inaddition,ACCisoftenregardedasthetransferstationofdatatransmissionon8051inside.Thesameasgeneralmicroprocessor,itisthebusiestregister.HelprememberingthatagreeingwithAexpressesintheorder.Thecontrollerincludestheprocedurecounter,theorderisdepositted,theorderdecipher,theoscillatorandtimingcircuit,etc.Theprocedurecounterismadeupofcounterof8fortwo,amountsto16.Itisabyteaddresscounteroftheprocedureinfact,thecontentisthenextIAthatwillcarriedoutinPC.Thecontentwhichchangesitcanchangethedirectionthattheprocedurecarriesout.Shakethecircuitin8051one-chipcomputers,onlyneedouterquartzcrystalandfrequencytofinelytunetheelectriccapacity,itsfrequencyrangeisits12MHZof1.2MHZ.Thispulsesignal,as8051basicbeatsofworking,namelytheminimumunitoftime.8051isthesameasothercomputers,theworkinharmonyunderthecontrolofthebasicbeat,justlikeanorchestraaccordingtothebeatplaythatiscommanded.ThereareROM(procedurememory,canonlyread)andRAMin8051slices(datamemory,canisitcanwrite)twotoread,theyhaveeachindependentmemoryaddressspace,disposewaytobethesamewithgeneralmemoryofcomputer.Procedure8051memoryand8751sliceprocedurememorycapacity4KB,addressbeginfrom00...
