中西方文化学习心得体会中西方文化比较文化是一种社会现象,是人们长期创造形成的产物。同时又是一种历史现象,是社会历史的积淀物。确切地说,文化是指一个国家或民族的历史、地理、传统习俗、生活方式、文学艺术、行为规范、思维方式、价值观念等。cultureisasocialphenomenon,isaproductoflong-termcreationofthepeople.isalsoahistoricalphenomenon,istheaccumulationofsocialhistory.exactlyspeaking,culturereferstoacountryoranation'shistory,geography,customs,wayoflife,literatureandart,codeofconduct,wayofthinking,values,etc由于历史渊源,风俗习惯,生存环境,宗教信仰等等不同,导致了中西文化存在着很大的差异,虽然在西方国家内部之间也有着异处,然而体现着本质差异的无疑还是东西方文化间的差异。整体性和个体性的差异;中西方言谈的差异;价值观与道德标准的差异;社会关系的差异;社会礼仪的差异;社会习俗的差异等。了解中西方文化差异是极其必要的becauseofthehistoryorigin,customsandhabits,livingenvironment,religiousbeliefsandsoon,ledtoasignificantdifferencebetweenchineseandwesternculture,althoughbetweenwesterninterioralsohasadifference,butitembodiestheessencedifferenceisundoubtedlytheculturaldifferencebetweeneastandwest.differencesbetweenthewholeandtheindividual;thedifferencesbetweenchineseandwesterndiscourse;andmoralstandarddifferencevalues;differencesinsocialrelations;differencesinsocialetiquette;differencesinsocialcustomsetc..understandingculturaldifferencesbetweeneastandwestisextremelynecessary下面从民族性格、宗教文化、礼仪三方面对中西方文化做一个比较。一中西方民族性格差异第1页共11页(一)天人合一与天人二分heavenandheaventwopoints中国传统的宇宙观是“天人合一”。所谓“天人合一”,是指人们对自然规律的顺从和对大自然的崇拜,人们把自然中日夜交替、季节更迭与人们的日常生活和活动周期相一致起来,一切都处于不断的循环往复之中,并与自然和谐统一。在“天人合一”思想的影响下,自古以来,中国人在思想意识、思维模式和言语行为等方面都倾向于求整体、求综合。“天人合一”的思想无处不在,如在中国特有的茶文化中,由盖、碗、托三件套组成的茶盏就代表了天、人、地的和谐统一,缺一不可。chinesetraditionalviewoftheuniverseis"harmonybetweenmanandnature".theso-called"theunityofheavenandman",isreferstothepeopleobeythelawsofnatureandofnatureworship,peopleusenatureofthealternationofdayandnight,theseasonsandpeople'sdailylifeandactivitycycleisconsistent,everythingisconstantlymoveincircles,andharmonywithnature.influenceofthe"harmony"idea,sinceancienttimes,chinesepeopleinideology,modeofthinkingandspeechact,alltendtoseektheoverall,integrated.thethoughtof"harmony"iseverywhere,asinauniquetochina'steaculture,whichiscomposedofacover,bowl,traythreepiecesetcomposedofteaonbehalfoftheday,people,harmonyandunity,areindispensable.在人与自然的关系上,西方文化主张人与自然的分离,主观世界与客观世界的对立,强调“主客二分”的思维方式。西方文化不是将人类看成自然界的一个组成部分,而是将人类看成自然万物的主宰者,认为人的价值高于自然万物,自然万物都要为人类服务,都得听从人类的摆布,人与自然的关系是征服与被征服的关系。因此西方人总是试图以高度发展的科学技术征服自然,掠夺自然。intherelationshipbetweenmanandnature,thewesternculturaladvocateseparationofhumanandnature,betweenthesubjectiveworldandtheobjectiveworld,stressedthat"thesubjec第2页共11页tandobjectofthetwo"wayofthinking.westerncultureisnotapartofthehumanbeingasnature,buthumanasthenaturalruleroftheuniverse,thatishigherthanthevalueofthenaturalworld,allofnatureistoservemankind,havetolis...