第三章金属及其化合物章末复习一、根据下列转化关系,完成相关反应的化学方程式1.钠及其重要化合物①________________________________________________________________________②________________________________________________________________________③________________________________________________________________________④________________________________________________________________________⑤________________________________________________________________________⑥________________________________________________________________________⑦________________________________________________________________________⑧________________________________________________________________________⑨________________________________________________________________________⑩________________________________________________________________________2.铝及其重要化合物①________________________________________________________________________②________________________________________________________________________③________________________________________________________________________④________________________________________________________________________⑤________________________________________________________________________⑥________________________________________________________________________⑦________________________________________________________________________⑧________________________________________________________________________⑨________________________________________________________________________3.铁及其重要化合物①________________________________________________________________________②________________________________________________________________________③________________________________________________________________________④________________________________________________________________________⑤________________________________________________________________________⑥________________________________________________________________________⑦________________________________________________________________________⑧________________________________________________________________________⑨________________________________________________________________________⑩________________________________________________________________________二、相关物质的鉴别和检验1.Na2CO3和NaHCO3的鉴别(1)固体粉末:________(2)溶液:加入________或________溶液2.Al3+的检验向溶液中滴加过量的________溶液,根据现象鉴别。3.Fe2+、Fe3+的检验(1)Fe3+的检验向待测液中滴加____________,根据溶液出现的现象判断。(2)Fe2+的检验①向待测液中滴加____________,再加入______,据实验现象判断。②向待测液中加入__________溶液,据沉淀的颜色变化判断。参考答案一、1.①4Na+O2===2Na2O②2Na+O2△,Na2O2③2Na+2H2O===2NaOH+H2↑④Na2O+H2O===2NaOH⑤Na2O+CO2===Na2CO3⑥2Na2O2+2H2O===4NaOH+O2↑⑦2Na2O2+2CO2===2Na2CO3+O2⑧2NaOH+CO2(少量)===Na2CO3+H2O⑨Na2CO3+CO2+H2O===2NaHCO3⑩2NaHCO3=====Na2CO3+CO2↑+H2O3.①3Fe+4H2O(g)=====Fe3O4+4H2②Fe+2HCl===FeCl2+H2↑③FeCl2+2NaOH===Fe(OH)2↓+2NaCl④Fe(OH)2+2HCl===FeCl2+2H2O⑤4Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O===4Fe(OH)3⑥FeCl3+3NaOH===Fe(OH)3↓+3NaCl⑦Fe(OH)3+3HCl===FeCl3+3H2O⑧2Fe(OH)3=====Fe2O3+3H2O⑨2FeCl2+Cl2===2FeCl3⑩2FeCl3+Fe===3FeCl2二、1.(1)加热法(2)CaCl2BaCl22.NaOH3.(1)KSCN溶液(2)①KSCN溶液氯水②NaOH