定语从句1.定语：由形容词，名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语担任，也由一个句子担任。单词作定语在所修饰词前，前置定语。短语、从句作定语时在所修饰词后，后置定语。定语从句:定语从句=先行词+关系词+从句先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词、代词或句子,在定语从句的前面。关系词：①连接作用，连接主句和定语从句。②指代先行词。③在定语从句中担当成分。关系词词形所修饰的先行词在从句中所作的成分关系代词who人主语、宾语、表语whom人宾语which物主语、宾语、表语that人、物主语、宾语、表语whose人、物定语关系副词when时间名词时间状语where地点名词地点状语why原因名词原因状语2.先行词为人时（1）TheboysarefromClassOne.Theboysareplayingfootball.Theboys（theboysareplayingfootball）arefromClassOne.Theboys（who\thatareplayingfootball）arefromClassOne.who\that==theboys,在定语从句中做主语，并连接先行词和定语从句。（2）Theman(youmetthemanjustnow)ismyfriend.Theman(whom\thatyoumetjustnow)ismyfriend.Theman(youmetjustnow)ismyfriend.先行词为物时（1）Ifoundtheletter.Thelettercameyesterday.（2）IfoundTheletter(thelettercameyesterday).IfoundTheletter(which\thatcameyesterday).which\that==theletter（2）Thisisthepen.Heboughtthepenyesterday.（2）Thisisthepen(heboughtthepenyesterday).Thisisthepen(which\thatheboughtyesterday).Thisisthepen(heboughtyesterday.关系词在定语从句中充当定语Ihelpedtheman.Theman’scarwasbroken.Ihelpedtheman(theman’scarwasbroken).Ihelpedtheman(whosecarwasbroken).whose=theman’s只用that而不用which:（1）不定代词anything,nothing,everything,all,much,few,any,little为先行词时；Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.最终，小偷偷的所有东西全部交给了警察。（2）先行词为theonly,thevery,thejust时；Heistheverythathelpedthegirloutofthewater.他从水中救起了那个女孩。（3）先行词为序数词、数词、形容词或最高级时；ThefirstEnglishbookthatIreadwas"ThePrinceandthePauper"byMarkTwain.我读的第一本书是马克·吐温写的《王子与贫儿》。（4）先行词既有人又有物时；Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolthathevisited.他在讲他以前访问过的学校和老师。（5）当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复用that；Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate那个站在门口的人是谁（6）关系代词作表语时；Heisnotthemanthatheusedtobe.他以前不是这样的人。3.关系词在定语从句中充当时间状语Istillremembertheday.Ifirstcametotheschoolontheday.Istillremembertheday(Ifirstcametotheschoolontheday).Istillremembertheday(whenIfirstcametotheschool).when=ontheday,地点状语Thehousehasbeenpulleddown.Ilivedinthehousetenyearsago.Thehouse(Ilivedinthehousetenyearsago)hasbeenpulleddown.Thehouse(whereIlivedtenyearsago)hasbeenpulleddown.where=inthehouse原因状语Thereasonisnotclear.Herefusedtheinvitationforthereason.Thereason(herefusedtheinvitationforthereason)isnotclear.Thereason(whyherefusedtheinvitation)isnotclear.why=forthereason关系副词when,where,why为介词+which4.综合练习T-shirtissocool.Couldyoutellme________A.whereyoubuyitB.wheredoyoubuyitC.whereyouboughtitD.wheredidyoubuyit2.Ican'tforgetthetime________theearthquakehappenedinYushu.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.where3.Ifthechild_______,pleasetelephonethepolice.A.foundB.isfoundC.wasfoundD.hasfound4.Ihurried_______Iwouldn'tbelateforclass.A.soB.sothatC.ifD.unless5.Thisismybeautifulschool________isnearthefamouslibrary.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.when6.Friendsarethose________makeyousmile，alwaysopentheirheartstoyouandencourageyoutosucceed.A.whichB.whatC.whomD.who7.—Doesanyoneknow________—IhearthathewasborninSweden.A.whath...
