定语从句用法总结VIP免费

1定语从句用法总结一.定义：定语由一个句子来充当，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句。eg:Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhousesthatarebuiltclosetoeachother.其中划线部分为定语从句。二.分类：分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，还有间隔性定语从句。eg:1.Thisistheschool(that/which)wevisitedlastyear.（限制性定语从句）2.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,whichwasmorethanwecouldexpect.（非限制性定语从句）3.Thedaysaregonewhenphysicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.（间隔性定语从句）注：定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句无逗号隔开、不可缺少、起修饰限制作用；而非限制性定语从句有逗号隔开、可有可无、起补充说明作用。三.构成：定语从句有先行词、引导词和从句构成。先行词是定语从句所修饰限制的名词或代词。引导词是用来引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词。eg:Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhousesthatarebuiltclosetoeachother.此句中先行词为：narrowstreetsandsmallhouses,引导词为：that，定语从句为：thatarebuiltclosetoeachother四．基本原则定语从句中不能出现与先行词在意义上相一致的词Eg.ThisisthebookthatIlikeitbest.(it与book指同一物，所以要去掉。)五．定语从句中常见考点：考点一.关系代词和关系副词的辨别1.关系代词that（人、物），which（物）、who(m)（人）、whose（某人的，某物的）、as22.关系副词when（表时间）、where（表地点）、why（表原因）注：关系副词可变为“介词+关系代词”结构（即：关系副词=介词+关系代词）。eg:Thisisthemountainvillagewhere(=inwhich)Istayedlastmonth.3.怎样选择正确的关系代词或关系副词方法一：找出先行词和定语从句中动词，看定从中动词与先行词能否构成习惯搭配。能，用关系代词；不能，用关系副词.Eg.IwillneverforgetthedaythatIspentwithmyparents.(定从中动词spent与先行词theday构成spenttheday,所以用关系代词that或which或省略)方法二：找出先行词和定语从句，看定语从句是否缺少主语、宾语或表语，如缺少，用关系代词。如不缺少，定语从句所表达意思相对完整，用关系副词。eg:①.Thisisthefactory____madecars.(缺少主语，所以用关系代词that或which，作主语不能省略)②.Thisisthereason_______hewaslateforschool.(定语从句hewaslateforschool表达意思相对完整，所以用关系副词why或介词+关系代词forwhich)注意：当先行词为case、position、point、situation、society、activity等抽象意义的名词时，常用关系副词where引导定语从句.eg:Hegothimselfintoadangeroussituationwherehemaylosecontroloftheplane.考点二.定从中that与which的区别1.关系代词只用that的情况。（1）当先行词为不定代词（all、much、little、few、some、any、none、one、something、anything、everything等）或先行词被不定形容词（all、many、some、few、little等）修饰时。eg:Doyouhaveanythingthatyouwanttosayforyourself？（2）当先行词既有人又有物时。eg:Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthatyouaretalkingabout.（3）当先行词含有序数词或最高级时。eg:①ThisbusisthefirstthatwillgotoBeijing.②ThisisthebestmoviethatIhaveeverseen.（4）当先行词被only、very、next、last等修饰时。3eg:ThisistheverybookthatI’mlookingfor.（5）在who或which引导的特殊疑问句中。eg:Whichisthebikethatyoulost?（6）当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。eg:Zhengzhouisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.2.关系代词只用which的情况。（1）引导非限制性定语从句时。eg:Heturnedtobeaverysuccessfulman,whichwasmorethanweexpected.（2）在“介词+关系代词”结构中，关系代词只用which。eg:Thisisthequestionaboutwhichtheyhavesomuchdiscussioninthepastfewweeks.（3）当关系代词后有插入成分时。eg:MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,which,ofcourse,madealltheothersupset.3.指人时，关系代词只用who(m)的情况。（1）引导非限制性定语从句时。eg:Shehasadaughter,whoisadoctori...