此资料由网络收集而来，如有侵权请告知上传者立即删除。资料共分享，我们负责传递知识。大学生英语演讲稿:HowtoBeaGoodStudent离地球1亿5千万公里，地球倾斜角度大略如此倾斜不是差别所在，在北半球夏天时我们离太阳更远跟倾斜没有关系ok,now,thescribbleofthediagramofthesolarsystem.ifyoubelieve,asmostofyouprobablydo,thatit'shotterinsummerthaninwinterbecausewe'reclosertothesun,youmusthavedrawnanellipse.right?thatwouldexplainit,right?except,inyour--you'renodding--now,inyourellipse,haveyouthought,"well,whathappensduringthenight?"好，问题四是画出太阳系的平面图如果大家相信，大多数可能都相信夏天比冬天热是因为地球离太阳较近大家应该都画了椭圆形对吧?这就能解释了吧?除非，你点头了，你画了个椭圆形你有想过，「夜晚又是怎么回事」?betweenaustraliaandhere,right,they'vegotsummerandwe'vegotwinter,andwhat--doestheearthkindofrushtowardsthesunatnight,andthenrushbackagain?imean,it'saverystrangethinggoingon,andweholdthesetwomodelsinourhead,ofwhat'srightandwhatisn'tright,andwedothat,ashumanbeings,inallsortsoffields.澳洲和美国这边，澳洲是夏天这边是冬天，难道说地球在晚上会冲向太阳然后再冲回来?这实在很奇怪我们脑中有两种思考模式，对的和错的身为人类，我们在很多领域都这样思考so,here'scopernicus'viewofwhatthesolarsystemlookedlikeasaplan.that'sprettymuchwhatyoushouldhaveonyourpieceofpaper.right?andthisisnasa'sview.they'restunninglysimilar.ihopeyounoticethecoincidencehere.左边是哥白尼画的太阳系平面图跟你们纸上画的差不多，对吧右边是nasa的版本，两张图非常相似我希望大家注意其中的巧合要是你知道人们有错误观念此资料由网络收集而来，如有侵权请告知上传者立即删除。资料共分享，我们负责传递知识。whatwouldyoudoifyouknewthatpeoplehadthismisconception,right,intheirheads,ofellipticalorbitscausedbyourexperiencesaschildren?whatsortofdiagramwouldyoushowthemofthesolarsystem,toshowthatit'snotreallylikethat?you'dshowthemsomethinglikethis,wouldn'tyou?it'saplan,lookingdownfromabove.but,no,lookwhatifoundinthetextbooks.that'swhatyoushowpeople,right?你会怎么做在他们脑中，楕圆形的轨道是他们儿时经验教的吗?你会给他们看什么样的太阳系示意图?证明太阳系不是他们想的那样你会给他们看这种图吗?这是俯瞰的平面图可是并非如此，瞧瞧我在教科书里找到的你会给他们看这种图对吧?thesearefromtextbooks,fromwebsites,educationalwebsites--andalmostanythingyoupickupislikethat.andthereasonit'slikethatisbecauseit'sdeadboringtohavealoadofconcentriccircles,whereasthat'smuchmoreexciting,tolookatsomethingatthatangle,isn'tit?right?出自教科书出自教育网站你找得到的几乎都是这种图会以这种视角呈现是因为只有一堆同心圆太死板无趣从这种视角看太阳系比较新鲜刺激不是吗?andbydoingitatthatangle,ifyou'vegotthatmisconceptioninyourhead,thenthattwo-dimensionalrepresentationofathree-dimensionalthingwillbeellipses.soyou've--it'scrap,isn'titreally?aswesay.因为弄成这种视角如果你脑中有了这种误解用二度空间来呈现三度空间就会变成椭圆形这真是糟糕，可不是吗?so,thesementalmodels--welookforevidencethatreinforcesourmodels.wedothis,ofcourse,withmattersofrace,andpolitics,andeverythingelse,andwedoitinscienceaswell.sowelook,justlook--andscientistsdoit,constantly--welookforevidencethat此资料由网络收集而来，如有侵权请告知上传者立即删除。资料共分享，我们负责传递知识。reinforcesourmodels,andsomefolksarejustalltooableandwillingtoprovidetheevidencethatreinforcesthemodels.因此，我们寻求证据来增强我们的心智模式我们用这种方...
