牛津沪教版英语七年级下Unit3句型、语法讲解1/21七年级下Unit3句型、语法讲解一．本节内容：重要句型及语法：1.Howlonghaveyoubeenateacher?Ihavebeenateacherforquiteafewyears.Ihavebeenateachersincequiteafewyearsago.语法链接：现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。这里的动词要用持续性动词。常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点）连用.例如：a)Hehaslivedheresince1978.自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。（动作起始于1978年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。）b)Ihavebeeninthearmyformorethan5years.我在部队已经呆了五年多了。（动作开始于5年前，一直延续至今，有可能还要继续下去。）for和sincefor+一段时间（foraweek,formanyyears,foralongtime等等）：（prep.达（时间段）之久；）Eg.Ihavebeenherefor5weeks.He’sstudiedEnglishfor3yearssince+（表示过去某一时间的）时间点：（prep.&conj.自从（过去时间点）以来）（since+单词）（since+词组）（since+从句（一般过去时）Eg.Ihavebeenheresince2000.牛津沪教版英语七年级下Unit3句型、语法讲解2/21Ihavebeenheresince5yearsago.IhavebeenheresinceIgraduatedin2000.对for或since引导的时间状语提问必须用howlong,决不能用when.例：Ihavelivedherefor10years.Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?Shehasstoodheresince2hourago.Howlonghasshestoodhere?含有For和since时间状语的现在完成时和过去时的互相转换：1.MyunclehasbeenintheArmyfor3years.=(MyunclejoinedtheArmy3yearsago.)2.Peterhasworkedinthiscompanysince2005.=(Peterstartedtoworkinthiscompanyin2005.)=(Peterhasworkedinthiscompanyfor4years.)3.Ihavehadthedigitalcamerafor2years.=Iboughtthedigitalcamera2yearsago.2）但是有些短暂性动词不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。如：Hehasleft.他离开了。表示他不在这里，在过去某个时候走的。不能用Hehasleftfor3days.我们可以用Hehasbeenawayfor3days.他走了3天了。常见非延续性动词和延续性动词转化形式：①、用相应的延续性动词或者近义词；buy------have,borrow-----keep,puton------wear,catch/getacold------haveacold,come/go/become------be.②、转换成be＋名词;jointheParty------beaPartymember,jointhearmy------beasoldier,牛津沪教版英语七年级下Unit3句型、语法讲解3/21gotoschool------beastudent.③、转换成be+介词短语:gotoschool------beinschool,jointhearmy------beinthearmy.④、转换成be+adj./adv.:die------bedead,open——beopen,getmarried-------bemarried,close------beclosed①、转换成be+adv.:begin/start------beon,leave(⋯)------beaway(from),go——beawayfinish------beover,ome/arrive——beherecomeback——beback练习：1.用for或since填空：?Shehaslivedhere_____1980.?WehavestudiedEnglish______threeyears.?Hehasbeenapoliceman______severalweeks.?Shehasbeenill______lastweek.?ShehasbeeninBeijing______shefoundthejobthere.2.用现在完成时改写句子:?1.Hecametoshanghaitwoweeksago._______________________________________________?2.HeleftShanghailastmonth.__________________________________________?3.Heborrowedthebooklastweek.________________________________________?4.Hisgrandfatherdiedin2006._________________________________________语法提高练习-现在完成时牛津沪教版英语七年级下Unit3句型、语法讲解4/21一、选择题1.Howlonghaveyou_______here?A.comeB.gotC.arrivedD.been2.Mygrandpadied_________.A.attheageofmy2B.for2yearsC.whenIwas2.D.myagewas6.3.Janehas_____toBeiJing.Shewillcomebacktomorrow.A.beenB.goneC.wentD.neverbeen4.Itistenyears_____Ilastsawher.A.afterB.sinceC.forD.that5.--WhowillgotothestationtomeetLorry?--Iwill.I_____herseveraltimes.A.metB.havemetC.hadmetD.willmeet6.--Whatanicedress!Howlong_____you_____it?--Just2weeks.A.will,buyB.d...
