影响车用燃料电池发动机寿命的因素分析研究 汽车工程管理专业VIP专享VIP免费

摘要能源和环境问题一直受到大家的关注。在汽车领域中，氢燃料电池汽车因其高效、清洁等优点被看作新能源汽车的重要发展方向之一。但因为燃料电池系统耐久性和成本方面还未达到商业化目标，使它的发展受到制约。汽车上通常用的燃料电池是质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）。本文通过分析文献资料，对影响PEMFC寿命的因素进行分析。发现汽车动态响应过程对其寿命有着十分重要的影响。在汽车变载的过程中，由于负载变化，导致汽车内部反应气体压力、温度等发生变化，对燃料电池系统性能会产生一定的影响。并且反应的产物水需要受到合理的管理，否则会对内部反应造成影响，还可能对内部部件造成腐蚀，使燃料电池的性能衰减，减少了燃料电池的使用寿命。燃料电池系统内部的杂质也会对其性能有损害，主要表现在气体扩散层的堵塞和催化剂中毒两方面，所以应减少杂质的带入。除了对影响燃料电池发动机的寿命因素进行分析之外，本文还对燃料电池的动态响应过程进行了简单的建模和仿真分析。利用Simulink进行模型搭建，主要分析了负载变化时的电压响应情况，同时也对温度变化和压力变化时的电压响应情况进行了分析。由于时间关系，没有进行实验，而且查找资料也没有找到合适的方程可以表示变载过程中的气体变化情况，所以仿真得到的曲线并不理想，没有出现实验中会出现的下冲现象。但除此之外的其他仿真结果趋势皆符合实验结果。关键词：车用质子交换膜燃料电池；寿命；动态响应AnalysisontheFactorsAffectingtheLifeofVehicleFuelCellEngineAbstractEnergyandenvironmentalissueshavebeentheconcernofeveryone.Inthefieldofautomobiles,hydrogenfuelcellvehiclesareseenasanimportantdirectionforthedevelopmentofnewenergyvehiclesbecauseofitshighefficiency,cleanandotheradvantages.Butthedurabilityandcostoffuelcellsystemshasnotyetreachedthecommercialgoal,sothatitsdevelopmentisconstrained.Thevehicleusuallyusedareprotonexchangemembranefuelcells(PEMFC).InthisarticlewillanalysisonthefactoraffectingthelifeofPEMFCbydocumentliterature.Itisfoundthatthedynamicresponseprocessofautomobilehasaveryimportantinfluenceonitslife.Intheprocessofvehicleloadchanges,duetothechangesofload,resultinginthechangesofinternalgaspressure,temperatureandotherchanges,whichwillhaveacertainimpactontheperformanceoffuelcellsystems.Andtheproductofthereactionneedstobeproperlymanaged,otherwiseitwillaffecttheinternalreaction,alsomaycausecorrosionofinternalcomponents,leadtoattenuationoftheperformanceoffuelcell,reducingthelifeoffuelcell.Theimpuritiesoffuelcellsystemwillalsodamageitsperformance,mainlyreflectedintheblockingofthegasdiffusionlayerandthepoisoningofcatalyst,soitshouldreducetheimpuritiesthatarebroughtin.Inadditiontoanalysisthefactoraffectingthelifeoffuelcellengine,inthisarticlealsomakesasimplemodelingandsimulationofthedynamicresponseprocessofthefuelcell.UsingSimulinktobuildthemodel,themainworkisanalyzedthevoltageresponsewhentheloadchanges,alsoanalyzedwhentemperaturechangesandpressurechanges.Becausethereisnotenoughtime,thereisnoexperiment,anddidnotfindappropriateequationcanexpressedinthechangesofgas,sothesimulationcurveisnotideal,didnotappearthedownphenomenonastheexperiment.Inaddition,othersimulationresultsareconsistentwiththeexperimentalresults.KeyWords：Vehicle’sprotonexchangemembranefuelcell；lifetime；dynamicresponse目录摘要.....................................................................................................................................IAbstract......................................................................................................................................II引言.............................................