被动语态教学内容一、知识结构Amanisknownbyhisfriends.什么人交什么朋友。Awordspokenispastrecalling.一言既出，驷马难追。Don'tputofftilltomorrowwhatshouldbedonetoday.今日事，今日毕。在上面的三句名言中，我们能看出它们的动词分别为：known,spoken,done，根据之前的学习我们知道这三个词分别是know,speak,do的过去分词形式，那么在英语中，什么情况下我们要使用动词的过去分词呢？这就是我们这节课所学——被动语态。二、典例精讲（一）PassiveVoice基本概念主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：ManypeoplespeakEnglish.谓语：speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：Englishisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。例如：Heopenedthedoor.他开了门。(主动句)Thedoorwasopened.门被开了。(被动句)（二）基本分类被动语态的构成被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。及物动词vt--本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。不及物动词vi---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。（三）用法详解1.一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词肯定句：Bikesaresoldinthatshop.否定句：Bikesarenotsoldinthatshop.疑问句：Arebikessoldinthatshop?Yes,theyare./No,theyaren't.2.一般过去时：was/were+过去分词肯定句：Chinawasliberatedin1949.否定句：Chinawasnotliberatedin1949.疑问句：WasChinaliberatedin1949?Yes,itwas./No,itwasn't.3.一般将来时：shall/will/begoingto+be+过去分词肯定句：AnEnglishclasswillbegivenbyJacktomorrow.否定句：AnEnglishclasswillnotbegivenbyJacktomorrow.疑问句：WillanEnglishclassbegivenbyJacktomorrow?Yes,itwill./No.itwon't.4.过去将来时：would/wasgoingto+be+过去分词肯定句：AnEnglishclasswouldbegivenbyJackthenextweek.否定句：AnEnglishclasswouldnotbegivenbyJackthenextweek.疑问句：WouldanEnglishclassbegivenbyJackthenextweek?Yes,itwould./No.itwouldn't.5.现在进行时：am/is/are+being+过去分词肯定句：Acarisbeingdrivennow.否定句：Acarisnotbeingdrivennow.疑问句：Isacarbeingdrivennow?Yes,itis./No,itisn't.6.过去进行时:was/were+being+过去分词肯定句：Acarwasbeingdrivenatthistimeyesterday..否定句：Acarwasnotbeingdrivenatthistimeyesterday..疑问句：Wasacarbeingdrivenatthistimeyesterday?Yes,itwas./No,itwasn't.7..现在完成时：have/has+been+过去分词肯定句：Aroadhasbeenbuiltbythegovernment.否定句：Aroadhasn'tbeenbuiltbythegovernment.疑问句：Hasaroadbeenbuiltbythegovernment?Yes,ithas./No,ithasn't.8.过去完成时：had+been+过去分词肯定句：Aroadhadbeenbuiltbytheendoflastmonth.否定句：Aroadhadn'tbeenbuiltbytheendoflastmonth.疑问句：Hadaroadbeenbuiltbytheendoflatmonth.Yes,ithad./No,ithadn't.9.情态动词：情态动词+be+过去分词1.Thisclockcanberepairedhere.2.Thetreesmaybeplantedatothertimesoftheyear.3.Thecompositionmustbehandedinafterclass.4.Theyoungtreesshouldbeplantedinspring.三、巩固训练把下列句子变成被动语态1.Wefoundsomejewelsinabox.________________________________________________2.Theteacheriskeepingthepupilsatschoolforarevision.________________________________________________3.Jameshasleftaparcelforyou.________________________________________________4.YoumustfinishthearticlebeforeFriday.________________________________________________5.Theywillpaintthehouseagainnextyear.________________________________________________6.Ihavetoldthechildrenmanytimesnottoskateonthepond._______________________________________________...
