第二节等差数列及其前n项和A级·基础过关|固根基|1.(一题多解)(2019届开封市高三定位考试)已知等差数列{an}的前n项和为Sn,且a1+a5=10,S4=16,则数列{an}的公差为()A.1B.2C.3D.4解析:选B解法一:设等差数列{an}的公差为d,则由题意,得解得故选B.解法二:设等差数列{an}的公差为d,因为S4==2(a1+a5-d)=2(10-d)=16,所以d=2,故选B.2.(一题多解)(2019届沈阳质量监测)在等差数列{an}中,若Sn为前n项和,2a7=a8+5,则S11的值是()A.55B.11C.50D.60解析:选A解法一:设等差数列{an}的公差为d,由题意可得2(a1+6d)=a1+7d+5,得a1+5d=5,则S11=11a1+d=11(a1+5d)=11×5=55,故选A.解法二:设等差数列{an}的公差为d,由2a7=a8+5,得2(a6+d)=a6+2d+5,得a6=5,所以S11=11a6=55,故选A.3.已知数列{an}满足a1=15,且3an+1=3an-2,若ak·ak+1<0,则正整数k=()A.21B.22C.23D.24解析:选C由3an+1=3an-2⇒an+1=an-⇒数列{an}是以15为首项,-为公差的等差数列,则an=-n.因为ak·ak+1<0,所以<0,所以S7>S5,则满足SnSn+1<0的正整数n的值为()A.10B.11C.12D.13解析:选C由S6>S7...