设施韭菜氮肥投入与土壤氮素状况研究摘要韭菜是人们餐桌上经常食用的蔬菜之一，在整个生长周期中，最适温度约在18~25℃，食用部分形成期喜爱弱光，喜湿耐涝，因此，在如今，设施栽培逐渐的应用到到韭菜种植业来。保持土壤肥力的重要组成部分就是氮素，蛋白质的主要构成元素是氮，同时细胞原生质基本物质是蛋白质。氮肥用量过高或过低都会影响韭菜的产量和品质，因此本项目选择典型的设施韭菜生产农户，调查设施韭菜土壤氮肥投入状况和韭菜产量，并到田间实地调查采集土壤样品。基于肥料投入调查和产量调查数据及土壤碱解氮分析结果，综合分析设施韭菜土壤氮素投入特征与土壤碱解氮含量状况，以期为韭菜生产中科学施用氮肥提供科学依据。由本次试验测得的数据，基本可推知本次土壤样品大多存在氮肥的施入量过多导致土壤过度酸化影响韭菜作物产量的现象。关键词氮肥；韭菜；土壤氮素含量AbstractLeekisoneofthevegetablesthatpeopleofteneatatthetable.Inthewholegrowthcycle,theoptimumtemperatureisabout18-25℃.Duringtheformationperiodoftheediblepart,itlikesweaklight,wetandwaterloggingtolerance.Therefore,nowadays,facilitycultivationhasbeenmoreandmoreappliedtothecultivationofleek.Nitrogenisanimportantcomponentofsoilfertility.Nitrogenisthemainelementofprotein,andproteinisthebasicsubstanceofcellprotoplasm.Excessiveorlownitrogenfertilizerusewillaffecttheyieldandqualityofleek.Therefore,thisprojectchoosestypicalfacilitiesleekfarmerstoconductfieldresearch,toinvestigatethestatusofnitrogenfertilizerinputandleekyieldinfacilitiesleeksoil,andtocollectsoilsamplesinthefield.Basedonthedataoffertilizerinputandyieldsurveyandtheresultsofsoilalkali-hydrolyzednitrogenanalysis,thecharacteristicsofsoilnitrogeninputandthecontentofsoilalkali-hydrolyzednitrogeninleekwerecomprehensivelyanalyzedinordertoprovidescientificbasisforthescientificapplicationofnitrogenfertilizerinleekproduction.Fromthedatameasuredinthisexperiment,itcanbeconcludedthattheexcessiveapplicationofnitrogenfertilizerinmostsoilsamplesresultedinexcessivesoilacidificationaffectingtheyieldofleekcrops.KeyWords:NitrogenFertilizer;Leek;SoilNitrogenContent目录1选题背景....................................................................................................-1-1.1国内外研究背景..................................................................-1-1.1.1土壤氮肥相关研究....................................................-1-1.1.2氮肥对蔬菜产量的影响...................................-1-1.2意义与目的....................................................................................-3-1.2.1研究意义................................................................................-3-1.2.2试验目的................................................................................-3-1.2.3试验需解决的主要问题......................................-3-2材料与方法..............................................................................................-4-2.1试验材料...........................................................................................-4-2.1.1土样..............................................................................................-4-2.1.2试验器材................................................................................-4-2.2试验方法...........................................................................................-4-2.2.1设计调查问卷..................................................................-4-2.2.2农户调查及调查取样方法............................-4-2.2.3土壤碱解氮的测...
