水体氨氮污染 分析研究 环境工程专业VIP专享VIP免费

摘要随着社会和经济快速的发展，在消耗物质造就城市繁荣背后，因社会整体环保意识淡薄，城市污水承接、处理配套系统不完善，使得大量废污水直接排入周边环境水体。废污水中高浓度的有机物由于微生物的新陈代谢等活动而被分解,使得水中的溶解氧量不断减少,导致水体质量变差。当水体长期处于缺氧和厌氧环境时，水中有机物则会因为水体厌氧菌的作用而不断分解，并由此产生HS等大量恶臭气体；同时水体部分金属元素会在缺氧环境中转化成黑色物质，最终形成黑黑臭水体体。黑黑臭水体体给附近居民带来感官不适，还可能因蚊蝇滋生给附近居民身体健康带来隐患。所以，分析和研究反映城市黑黑臭水体体关键因素和指标，对城市黑黑臭水体体的治理和消除意义重大。本文阐述了目前国内黑黑臭水体体研究和评价现状，并开展有关试验。本实验以黄埔区四条被列进197黑黑臭水体体名单的河涌为研究对象，并使用纳氏试剂测量黑臭水体中氨氮具体含量，进而判断水体污染程度；探究黑黑臭水体体与水体氨氮污染之间的关联；寻找水体黑臭产生根源，为城市黑黑臭水体体治理提供依据。通过取样测定，发现四条黑黑臭水体体的氨氮含量都较高，细陂河、三戽涌、文涌、牛屎圳的氨氮浓度分别达到了10.1946mg/L、13.5502mg/L、7.6218mg/L、13.7816mg/L。通过数据分析、查阅文献资料，本研究得出结论：黑黑臭水体体的氨氮浓度普遍高于地表水环境质量标准氨氮项目V类水标准限值，环境水体黑臭伴随着氨氮污染，建议将氨氮作为治理黑臭的主要控制指标。关键词：环境水体氨氮黑臭污染AnalysisofAmmoniaNitrogenPollutioninsomeBlackandOdorousWaterBodiesinGuangzhouAbstract:Withtherapiddevelopmentofsocietyandeconomyandthecontinuousgrowthofpopulation,behindtheprosperityofthecitycausedbytheconsumptionofmaterials,alargenumberofwastewaterisdirectlydischargedintothesurroundingenvironmentwaterwithouteffectivetreatmentbecauseofthegeneralweakawarenessofenvironmentalprotectionandtheimperfectsupportingsystemofurbansewagetreatment.Thehighconcentrationoforganicmatterinwastewaterwillbeconsumedbythebiochemicaleffectofmicroorganisms.Dissolvedoxygen(DO)inwaterleadstothedeteriorationofwaterenvironmentquality.Whenthewaterbodyisinanoxicandanaerobicenvironmentforalongtime,organicmatterwillreleaseammonia,hydrogensulfideandotherodorousgasesunderthedecompositionoffacultativeanaerobicbacteriaandanaerobicbacteria,andemitodor.Atthesametime,somemetalelementsinthewaterbodywilltransformintoblacksubstancesinanoxicenvironment,andeventuallyformlargeandsmallblackodorouswaterbody.Blackodorouswaterbringssensorydiscomforttonearbyresidents,butitmayalsobringhiddendangerstothehealthofresidentsneartheblackodorouswaterduetothebreedingofmosquitoesandflies.Therefore,theanalysisandstudyofkeyfactorsandindicatorsreflectingurbanblackandodorouswaterisofgreatsignificancetothetreatmentandeliminationofurbanblackandodorouswater.Inthispaper,thecurrentsituationofresearchandevaluationofblackandodorouswaterbodyinChinaisdescribed,andrelevantexperimentsarecarriedout.Inthisexperiment,fourriversinHuangpuDistrictwhichwerelistedin197blackodorouswaterbodyweretakenasresearchobjects.ThecontentofammonianitrogeninwaterbodywasdetectedbyNesslerreagentspectrophotometry,andthepollutionsituationwasanalyzed.Therelationshipbetweenblackodorouswaterbodyandammonianitrogenpollutioninwaterbodieswasexplored.Thecauseofblackodorouswaterbodywasfound,whichprovidedthebasisforthetreatmentandeliminationofurbanblackodorouswaterbody.Throughsamplinganddetermination,itisfoundthattheammonianitrogencontentinfourblackodorouswaterbodiesisgenerallyhigh.TheammonianitrogenconcentrationinXibeiRiver,SanhuRiver,WenRiverandNiushiCha...