三相异步电动机能耗制动控制设计和实现 机械制造专业VIP专享VIP免费

摘要通常情况下如果不进行特殊处理，当关掉三相异步电动机电源的同时，从理论上讲，其不能立刻停止运动，这是由于旋转过程中存在惯性，基于机械工艺的视角来看，这种现象决不能出现，比如在镗、铣、钻等各式各样的机床上，不管从精准定位上考虑，还是生产效率等来看，都需要电机能够相对瞬时停车，这就需要针对具体情况引入相应的制动装置或者制动方法，通常情况下所谓的制动方法可以概括为两类：即电气方式与机械方式制动，引入一定的与原电机转向相反的力矩，进行阻碍电机继续运转，该方式称为电气方式制动；再有就是引入相关的机械装置致使电机产生刹车的功效，也就是所谓的机械方式制动。本文主要针对于能耗制动强制使三相异步电动机进行刹车展开了一系列的研究，在论文中对三相异步电动机制动方案进行了有效比较，并针对于能耗制动控制系统搭建起实验平台，并在实验台实现了三相异步电动机的迅速停机。关键词：三相异步电动机；能耗制动；迅速停机AbstractUndernormalcircumstances,ifspecialprocessingisnotperformed,whenthepowerofthethree-phaseasynchronousmotoristurnedoff,theoretically,itcannotstopthemotionimmediately.Thisisduetotheinertiaintherotationprocess,basedontheviewpointofthemechanicalprocess.Phenomenonmustnotoccur.Forexample,invarioustypesofmachinetoolssuchasboring,milling,drilling,etc.,regardlessofprecisionpositioningorproductionefficiency,themotorneedstobeabletostoprelativelyinstantaneously,whichneedstobeintroducedforspecificsituations.Correspondingbrakingdevicesorbrakingmethods,ingeneral,theso-calledbrakingmethodscanbesummarizedintotwocategories:electricalandmechanicalbraking,introducingacertaintorqueoppositetotheoriginalmotorsteering,topreventthemotorfromcontinuingtooperate,Thismethodiscalledelectricmodebraking;thenthereistheintroductionoftherelevantmechanicaldevicetocausethemotortoproducebrakingeffect,whichiscalledmechanicalbraking.Thispapermainlyfocusesontheenergy-savingbrakingtoforcethethree-phaseasynchronousmotortobrake.Aseriesofresearchesontheworkingprincipleofthethree-phaseasynchronousmotorareintroducedinthepaper.Theenergyconsumptionbrakingcontrolsystemisdesignedandimplementedintheexperimentalplatform.Thethree-phaseasynchronousmotorisquicklyshutdown.Keywords:Three-phaseasynchronousmotor;Energyconsumptionbraking;Stopquickly目录摘要..............................................................IAbstractII目录............................................................III1引言..............................................................12异步电动机的基本知识和结构........................................22.1三相异步电动机的基本结构....................................22.2异步电动机的种类............................................32.3三相异步电动机的工作原理....................................33电器及继电器接触器介绍............................................83.1电磁式接触器................................................83.2常用低压电器...............................................113.2.1低压断路器...........................................113.2.2按钮和指示灯.........................................123.2.3熔断器...............................................133.3时间继电器和热继电器.......................................143.4自锁和互锁.................................................154异步电机的运行状态................................................84.1电动运行....................................................84.2制动运行....................................................84.2.1反接制动运行................................