广东外语外贸大学2004年硕士研究生入学考试英语语言文学及外国语言与应用语言学水平考试试卷Ⅰ.Cloze(20%)Fillineachblankwiththewordsgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.MarkyouranswersonyourANSWERSHEET.Theproblemwhichthelearner1inhandlingthemeaningsofsuchcomplexexpressions(andthoseofthemorenumeroustwo-wordcombinations)arewellknownHemayhave2ofunderstandingorinterpretation(especiallywhentheformofanexpressionisapoorguidetoitsmeaning).Hemayhavetroublein3accuratelybetweenvariousmeaningsofthe“same”item-thoseofputout,for4,ortakein.Andagain,hemayneedhelpindistinguishing5expressionswhicharerelatedinform(ofleveloffandlevelup)6notnecessarilyinmeaning.Amongthefeatureswehaveincludedinthedictionarytohelpthestudentdealwithsuchproblems7theregularlistinginentriesof“collocating”words.Wecanconsiderbrieflythespecialadvantagesofthisguidancehere.Thecollocatesofanexpressionaretheparticularwords8arecommonlycombinedwithittoformsentences.9thewordswhichregularlyappear(assubjects)inthesamesentencesasbringtoblows,forexample,aredisagreement,differenceandrivalryandamongthosehabituallyassociated(asdirectobjects)withbringtoattentionaretroops,platoon,company.Thelearnernormallybecomes10ofthesewordassociations,orcollocations,onebyonethroughmeetingtheminbooksorhearingtheminconversation,andasoneassociationbuilds11anotherhegraduallydevelopsafirmunderstandingofthemeaningsofbringtoblowsandbringtoattention.Theadvantageofbringingtogetheranumberoftheseassociatedwordsinoneplace—asintheentriesshownjustbelow—isthatthestudentis12awareofseveralatthesametime.Asa13thelearningprocesscanbegreatlyspeededup.Anotheradvantage,ofcourse,isthatthestudentcanmakeupsentencesofhisownonthe14ofthecollocatesrecordedinsuchentries,sostrengthening.stillmorehisgrasponthemeaningsoftheheadphrasesthemselves.Illustrativesentencesindictionaryentriescan15muchthesamepurposeaslistsofcollocates.16theillustrationsarecarefullychosen,theytoowillcontainwordsthatarecharacteristicallyandunambiguously17withtheheadphrases,whichhelptodevelopthelearner’sunderstandingoftheirmeaning.18collocatesandexampleshavedifferentandcomplementarypartstoplayinthedefinitionofmeaning.Inalistofcollocatessomeofthemoreimportant19toourunderstandingofanexpressionareabstractedformtheirrealcontextsandpresentedinahighlycondensedform.Inillustrations,variouskindsofinformation-highlycondensedform.Inillustrations,variouskindsofinformationgrammaticalandstylisticas20aslexical-arecombinedinactualinstancesoflanguageuse,thoughthemostimportantcluestomeaningmayberatherthinlyspread.exampleButdifficultieswelldiscriminatingthoughbasiswhichisAmongawareuponmadefacesassociatedresultcluesserveifbetweenⅡ.Proof-readingandErrorCorrection(30%)ThefollowingpassagecontainsFIFTEENerrors.Eachlinecontainsamaximumofoneerror.Ineachcase,onlyonewordisinvolved.Youshouldcorrectitinthefollowingway.MarkyouranswersonyourANSWERSHEET.Forawrongword,underlinethewrongwordandwritethecorrectoneintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.Foramissingword,markthepositionofthemissingwordwitha“A”signandwritethewordyouForanunnecessaryword,believe.tobemissing'intheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.crossouttheunnecessarywordwithaslash"/"andputthewordintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.ExampleWhenAartmuseumwantsanewexhibit,[1]anItneverbuysthingsinfinishedformandhangsthemonthewall.[2]neverWhenanaturalhistorymuseumwantsanexhibition,itmustof...
