中考英语复习 定语从句试卷试卷VIP免费

定语从句一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。其中被修饰的名称或代词称为先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词引出。如：1)Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.2)YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)关系副词where，when,why。关系词常有三个作用：1.引导定语从句2.代替先行词3.在定语从句中担当一个成分二、关系代词引导的定语从句★1.who指人，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时可省略。(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.(3)Theman（who/whom）youmetjustnowismyfriend.★2.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which在句子中做主语)(2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.(which在句子中做宾语)★3.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(1)Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在句子中做主语)(2)Whereistheman（that/whom）Isawthismorning?(在句子中做宾语)△4.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。(1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.△5.whose通常指人的，也可指物的，在定语从句中做定语。(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2)Ilivedinahousewhosewallswerepaintedblue.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.注：that用法1只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况(1)在不定代词，如：anything,nothing,theone,all等作先行词时，只用that。(2)先行词有theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,just修饰时，只用that。(3)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。.(4)先行词既有人，又有物时，只用that。(5)主句的主语是疑问词who/which时,只用that。Whothatbreaksthewindowshouldbepunished．谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩罚．Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.所需的只是供油问题。Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。2不用that的情况(a)介词后不能用that。Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.比较：Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.△三、关系副词引导定语从句关系副词关系副词：在句中作状语关系副词=介词+关系代词why=forwhichwhere=in/at/on/...which(介词同先行词搭配)when=during/on/in/...which(介词同先行词搭配)1.where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示地点的定语从句。(1)ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.(2)ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.2.when引导定语从句表示时间。在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用(1)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.(2)Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.3.why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语(1)Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.(2)Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.练习(一)请分析一下定语从句：用（）划出定语从句，并用___标出先行词)，并打上箭头1.CheckthewaysyoustudyforanEnglishtest.2.AnotherthingthatIfoundverydifficultwasEnglishgrammar.3.Youcouldn’tunderstandpeoplewhotalkedfast.4.Ihavesomeideasthatmayhelp.5.Theysaidsomethingyoudidn’tlike.6.Canyouthinkofanyproblemsyouhavehadrecently?8.HewouldalwaystakeprideineverythinggoodIdo.9.MyfriendsandItalkedabouttherulesthatwehaveinschool.10.Whataresomeoftherulesthatateenagershouldobey?12.Ifyouknowanyoneelsewhocollectsthem,pleasetellme.13.Standingveryclosetothepersonyouaretalkingwithisquitecommoninsomecountries.14.Ifyouknowsomeoneyouknowdoingthis,youcanaskthe...