飞跃培训英语资源集(内部使用)虚拟语气用法讲解一、与现在事实相反连接词条件从句结果从句If1.动词过去式(动词be一律用were)2.助动词过去式(should,would,might,could)+动词原形should(表示应该,责备的语气)would(表示意愿)+动词原形could(表示能够)might(表示可能)Ifhadthetime,JohnwouldmakeatriptoChinatoseetheGreatWall.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveupdrinkingimmediately.二、与将来事实相反连接词条件从句结果从句If1.should+动词原形2.动词过去式3.wereto+动词原形shouldwould+动词原形couldmightIfyoushouldlose,whatwouldyoudo?三、与过去事实相反IfIhadstudiedharderduringmyschooltimes,Iwouldhavecherishedtimemore。IfAlicehadn’tgoneshoppinginthemalllastSunday,shewouldhaven’tmetheroldfriendDaisy。连接词条件从句结果从句Ifhad+过去分词shouldwould+have+过去分词couldmightIfI’dknownthatitwasgoingtorain,Iwouldneverhavegoneforawalkinthecountry.1飞跃培训英语资源集(内部使用)四、省略连词if的虚拟语气如果虚拟条件句的谓语部分有were,had和should时,可省略if,把were,had和should放到从句主语前面去,多见于书面语。Hadyounothelpedme,Ishouldhavefailed.要是没有你的帮助,我就失败了。Wereyouinmyposition,youwoulddothesame.假如你处在我的地位,你也会这样干的。Shouldtheyattackus,we’llwipethemoutcompletely.假如他们进攻我们,我们就把他们彻底消灭干净。注意:表否定意义的虚拟句写成倒装形式时,not不提前。如:IfIweren’tthere=WereInotthere.五、混合型的条件句当条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致时,虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。主句和从句的谓语动词并不相互呼应,这种条件句叫混合条件句。较多见的混合型条件句是从句用过去完成时(指过去行为),而主句用一般时(指目前状态)。Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbequiteallrightnow.IfIhadspokentohimyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow.如条件从句用ifIwere...,主句则可用表任何时间的虚拟形式。IfIwerenotbusy,Iwouldhavecome.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonehome.六、虚拟语气在从句中的应用虚拟语气除主要用于条件句(也就是状语从句)外,还可用于主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、定语从句等。(一)主语从句中的虚拟语气在Itis(was)+形容词/过去分词+that引导的主语从句句型中,主语从句要用虚拟语气。主语从句的谓语用should+动词原形(或should+have+过去分词)或只用动词原形(尤其是美国英语)。thatItisrightthatyoushouldhavedoneyourhomework.2Itis(was)necessary,important,best,right,impossible,preferable,desirable,imperative(紧要的,必要的),advisable,essential,reserved,urgent,reserved,natural,strange,…suggested,settled,required,requested,demanded,urged,decided,proposed,ordered,desired,advised,…a动词完成式shouldhavedone(should)+动词原形飞跃培训英语资源集(内部使用)It'simportantthatwe(should)workoutaplan.(带有“要求”的含义)It'sbetterthathegoatonce.(带有“建议”的意思)Itisapitythatsheshouldfaresobadly.☆用于本句型中的过去分词主要是表示建议、要求、命令等意义的过去分词。Ithasbeensuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.有人建议推迟会议。注意:如果不是表示建议、要求、命令等语气,而是陈述事实,这种句型中的主语从句用陈述语气。Itwasimportantthathemadeanexplicitstatementonthisscorelastweek.(二)宾语从句中的虚拟语气表示提议、要求、命令、意志等动词的宾语从句常用虚拟语气,其谓语形式为(should)+动词原形。这类动词有suggest,request,demand,urge,propose,prefer,advise,insist,require,order,command,maintain,ask,object,arrange,desire等。Thedoctorsuggestedthathenotgothere.医生建议他不要去那里。Hesuggestedthatweshouldleaveearly.他建议我们早点动身。that注意:insist不表示“坚持认为”、sugge...