摘要如今,建筑信息模型在整个土木工程行业都受到广泛使用,并获得好评。因为它可以统筹安排所有子项目,并将各类信息统一到一个模型中,有利于提高工作人员的效率。然而BIM在高校中涉及的并不多,还没有广泛普及。本次毕业设计相比其他毕业设计,课题较为新颖也较有挑战性。该毕业设计尝试以BIM作为创新点,进行项目的建筑设计,同时还利用其他软件需要进行结构设计。本次毕业设计的的目的就是利用建筑信息模型对某一山村别墅进行详细的建筑设计,并分别通过手算与电算完成乡村别墅的结构设计。在建筑设计方面,首先在确定建筑面积的基础上讨论建筑尺寸,房间布置,在确定建筑图纸后,再针对性的进行BIM建模,主要使用Revit软件,实现了三维建模。在使用Revit的过程中,每一步都至关重要,不容有错,因为一个部位出错就会导致某一处无法正常建模。当然也正是如此,用Revit构建出的三维模型更加的直观,精准,操作起来也更加的高效便捷。之后,便可利用Revit出CAD图纸,包括各平面图,立面图,剖面图,详图等等。在结构设计方面,首先进行手算。在手算阶段,本次毕业设计只选取一榀框架进行计算。其中包括基本的结构选型、侧移验算、内力计算,也包括了较为复杂的内力组合、截面设计与配筋计算等等。随后,进入电算部分,电算部分要求使用结构分析软件PKPM进行整栋别墅的结构设计,并将电算结果与手算结果进行比较,保证误差在允许范围以内。最后,根据结构设计的结果绘制基础、梁、板、柱结构施工图。本次毕业设计综合运用CAD、PKPM、Revit等多种专业软件,计算量大,有一定难度。关键词:BIM;乡村别墅;建筑设计;结构设计;RevitIAbstractInrecentyears,buildinginformationmodelhasbeenwidelyusedandbeenhighlyassessedinthewholefieldofcivilengineeringnotonlybecauseitcanco-ordinateallsubprojectsandintegrateallkindsofinformationintoamodel,butalsoowingtoitshighefficiencyforstaff.However,BIMdoesnotinvolvemuchincollegesanduniversitiesandhasnotyetbeenwidelypopularized.Comparedwithothergraduatedesign,thisgraduationprojectismoreinnovativeandchallenging.Thisgraduationproject,forthefirsttime,usesBIMasaninnovativepointtodesignarchitecturalpartofthisproject,andalsousesothersoftwaresforstructuraldesign.Thepurposeofthisgraduationprojectistousebuildinginformationmodeltocarryoutdetailedarchitecturaldesignofamountainvillagevilla,andcompletethestructuraldesignofruralvillabymanualcalculationandelectricalcalculationrespectively.Firstly,intermsofarchitecturaldesign,discusstheconstructionareaandlayoutoftheroombasedonthesizeofbuilding.Aftercompletingarchitecturaldrawings,buildinginformationmodelismadebyRevitinordertorealizing3Dmodel.EachstepiscriticalintheprocessofusingRevit,andtherecanbenomistakebecauseamistakeinoneplacecanleadtoanabnormalmodeling.Andbecauseofthis,thethree-dimensionalmodelbuiltbyRevitismoreintuitive,accurate,andmoreefficientandconvenienttooperate.Afterthat,youcanuseRevittodrawCADdrawings,includingplans,elevations,sections,detaileddrawings…Intheaspectofstructuraldesign,themanualcalculationiscarriedoutfirst.Inthemanualcalculationstage,thisgraduationprojectonlyselectsonepieceofframetocarryonthecomputation.Includingthebasicstructureselection,lateraldisplacementcheck,internalforcecalculation,includingcomplicatedinternalforcecombination,sectiondesignandreinforcementcalculation,andsoon.Then,cometoelectricalcalculationpart,thecalculationpartrequiresthestructuralanalysissoftwarePKPMforthewholevillastructuredesign,andthecalculationresultsandmanualcalculationresultsarecompared,toensurethattheerroriswithintheallowablerange.Finally,accordingtotheresultsofstructuraldesign,drawthefoundation,beam,plateandcolumncon...