高三英语：虚拟语气系统复习课件VIP免费

Subjunctivemood虚拟语气定义：英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。◆真实条件句Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit___.A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israined◆非真实条件句1.与现在事实相反的假设。if从句主句did\werewould(might\could\should)+v.Eg.Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpyou.B2.与过去事实相反的假设。if从句主句had+p.p.would(might\could\should)have+p.p.Eg.Ifshehadworkedharder,shewouldhavesucceeded.Thericewouldnothavebeenburntifyouhadbeenmorecareful.3.表示对将来情况的主观推测（可能相反或可能性很小）if从句主句did\werewere+todowould(might\could\should)+v.should+doEg.Ifyousucceeded\shouldsucceed\weretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.◆混合条件句（混合虚拟语气）主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主、从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。例如：Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）Ifithadrainedlastnight(过去),itwouldbeverycoldtoday(现在).◆虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were,should,或had,可将if省略，再把were,should或had移到从句句首，实行倒装。_____todothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherday.A.IfwereIB.IwereC.WereID.WasICWeretheyherenow,theycouldhelpus.=Iftheywereherenow,theycouldhelpus.Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.=Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.Shoulditrain,thecropswouldbesaved.=Wereittorain,thecropswouldbesaved.◆特殊的虚拟语气词：should1）Itisnecessary/apity+that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should加动词原形，should可省略。（注：常为表情绪、观点的形容词或名词，如:necessary.important.impossible.natural.strange.surprising,funny.right.wrong.better.apity等。）Eg.Itisnecessarythathe(should)cometoourmeetingtomorrow.2）在宾语从句中的应用在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。【注：一想要(desire)一宁愿(prefer)二命令(order.command)三建议(advise.suggest.propose)五要求(demand.require.request.desire.insist)中】。无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用：“（should）+动词原形”。Eg.Isuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.◆如果suggest,insist不表示"建议"或"坚持要某人做某事时"，即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、"坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。◆在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形.Myideaisthatwe(should)getmorepeopletoattendtheconference.Imakeaproposalthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.◆wish的用法1.表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语动词用过去式eg.IwishIhadyourbrains.我希望我有你那样的头脑。(事实：我根本比不上你)2.表示过去事实相反的愿望，谓语动词：had+p.p.eg.IwishIhadknownthetruthofthematter.我希望我原来知道这件事的真相。（事实：原来不知道）3.表示将来难以实现的愿望,谓语动词：should/would+动词原形eg.IwishIshouldhaveachanceagain.我希望我还能有一次这样的机会。（事实：很难再有这样的机会了）(注：ifonly、wouldrather、Itis(high)timethat、asif/asthough也有类似用法）2009年高考真题1.Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit____breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.（天津卷，15）A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might2.ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,I____thefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.（福建卷，35）A.wouldnotwinB.wouldnothavewonC.wouldwinD.wouldhavewon3.Butfortheirhelp,we__theprograminti...