虚拟语气TheSubjunctiveMood(I)Unit1Book6英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。陈述语气(TheIndicativeMood):用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。Iamnotinterestedinwhatyousaid.HaveyoueverbeentoFrance?Whatasplendidpalace!Wehadmanytreesplantedlastyear.祈使语气(TheImperativeMood),用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。•Let’shaveatalk.•Don’tjumpinthequeue.•Openthedoor,please.虚拟语气(TheSubjunctiveMood)定义：表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设。•IfIwereyou,Iwouldgothere.•IwishIwereabirdflyinginthesky.•Isuggestyoushouldfollowyourfather’sadvice.1.IfIhadenoughmoney,IwouldgoonatriptoShanghai.2.IfIwereyou,IwouldstudyEnglishveryhard.3.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.4.Ifhehadbeenthere,itwouldn’thavehappened.与现在事实相反与过去事实相反5.Ifweshouldhavethreedaysoff,wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife.6.Ifwehadthreedaysoff,wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife.7.Ifweweretohavethreedaysoff,wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife.与将来事实相反(should不能省略)一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去未来过去时（were）过去完成时Would/could/should/might+V.（原）Would/could/should/might+have+V-ed1.过去时2.should+V.3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.（原）1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.2.Ifitwerenotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.Wereitnotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.3.IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.4.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?假设条件虚拟倒装:条件从句中有should，were，had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。Exercises:1.IfI____(be)you,Iwouldgetupearlyinthemorning.2.Ifyou____(ask)him,hemighttellyou.3.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe______(come),shewouldhavemetmybrother.4.Ifhehadnotlosthismoney,he____thepianolastweek.A.wouldbuyB.hadboughtC.couldhaveboughtD.boughtaskedwerehadcomeC(shouldask/weretoask)5.Theywouldgooutevenifittomorrow.A.rainB.weretorainC.willrainD.wouldrain6Idon’tthinkthatIshallfail.ButifI____,Iwouldtryagain.A.failB.wouldfailC.shouldfailD.hadfailed7.___today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A.WasheleavingB.IfheleavesC.WerehetoleaveD.WouldheleaveBCC1.IwishIwereabird.2.IwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistake.3.Wewishourparentswouldn’tpunishus.（现在）（过去）（将来）二.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法1.在动词wish后的宾语从句中,表示与现在或过去的事实相反,或对将来的主观愿望,从句通常省略连词that。1)表示对现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用过去式或过去进行式(be动词一般用were)。IwishIwereastallasyou.IwishIwereabird.Iwisheverydayweremybirthday.Iwish/wishedIhadn’teatensomuchwatermelon.(2)表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。Thepartywasterrible,IwishIhadnevergonetoit.(3)表示对将来的主观愿望:从句动词形式为“would＋动词原形”。但愿你立刻来。Iwishyouwouldcomesoon.Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.二：虚拟语气特殊句型：Wish的宾语从句现在：过去：未来：过去时（were）过去完成时would/could/might+V.shouldMakesentences•IfI…,Iwould…•Iwish…Homework•1.Finishtheexercisesinthepaper.•2.Writeapassage“IfIwereamillionaire,Iwould…”
