高中英语 语法篇专题10 定语从句课件 人教版 课件VIP免费

专题十定语从句用一个句子作定语，此句子叫作定语从句。定语从句位于被它修饰的名词或代词之后。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词可分为关系代词（who,whom,whose,which,that)和关系副词(when,where,why)关系词都充当从句的某个成分，它所替代的相应成分应省去。在定语从句中，当who,which,that作主语时，谓语的单复数应与先行词保持一致。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系不如限制性定语从句与先行词的关系紧密，没有它，主句的意思也清楚，因此用逗号隔开。关系词在非限制性定语从句中的用法与在限制性定语从句中的用法基本一样。八大关系词用法表who,whose,whom,that先行词是人时：从句中缺少主语用who；从句中缺少宾语用whom；从句中的主语缺少定语用whose；that可替换who和whom，作从句的主语或宾语。Thegirlwho/thatbecameanursetwoyearsagoismycousin.(who/that作定语从句的主语)Hawkingisthedisabledscientistwhom/thatwesawinBeijinglastyear.(whom/that作定语从句中saw的宾语)Theboywhosemotherisafamoussingerisalittleactorof7.（whose作定语从句的主语mother的定语。）whichthat先行词是物时：从句中缺少主语或宾语用which；从句中主语缺少定语用whose；that可替换which，作从句的主语或宾语。Theresearchwhich/thatwascarriedonforyearswasstopped.(which/that作定语从句的主语)Thetopicwhich/thatyouweretalkingaboutisrelatedtogeography.(which/that作定语从句的宾语)Thetwocountrieswhoseboundaryisariverhavebeenkeepingagoodrelationshipforfiftyyears.(whose作定语从句的主语的定语)where先行词是地点时：从句中缺少主语或宾语用which/that;不缺少主语或宾语用where,where在从句中充当地点状语。ThecompanywhereIamworkingisatransnationalcompany.(where在定语从句中作地点状语)when先行词是时间时：从句中缺少主语或宾语用which/that;不缺少主语或宾语用when,when在从句中充当时间状语。Theyearswhich/thatIspentinthecountrysideareunforgettable.(which/that作定从spent的宾语)Themonthswhenwespenttheholidaysbytheseawerepleasant.(when在定语从句中作时间状语)why先行词是原因时：从句中缺少主语或宾语用which/that;不缺少主语或宾语用why,why充当原因状语。表原因的先行词有reason,excuse,explanation等。Idon’tbelievethereasonwhich/thatwasobviouslyanexcuse.(which/that作定语从句的主语)Thisistheexcusewhich/thatshechangedhermindfor.(which/that作定语从句介词for的宾语)Theremustbesomereasonwhyhemadesuchanabnormaldecision.(定语从句不缺少主语和宾语)【考点一】考查关系词的省略whom/which/that作定语从句的宾语时，可以省略。Theperson（whom/that）theyarelookingforisMrWilde.Thetopic（which/that）youweretalkingaboutisrelatedtogeography.【考点二】考查非限制性定语从句1.引导非限定性定语从句时，只能用which（不用that）。除which外，还可用when，where，who（m）等关系代、副词引导非限定性定语从句。Lisaisanamateuractress,whoactedanimportantpartinafilm.Thisisakeyseniorhighschool,whereIspentthreeyears.FinallyIdecidedtostayinChongqing，whereIfinishedmycollegestudy．2.引导词which可以指前面整个句子的含义。Lilystayeduplateintothenight,whichmadehermotheranxious.3.在限定性定语从句中作宾语时，引导词可以省略，但引导非限定性定语从句的连词不能省。Hewaseagertogotothehospitaltoseehisstepmother，whomhelovedashisownmother．4.置于句首时，非限制性定语从句只能用as引导，而置于句末时as和which都可以。但是当非限定性定语从句是否定意义时，只能用which引导。Theelephantislikeasnake,asanybodycansee.=Asanybodycansee,theelephantislikeasnake.【即学即练】单项填空①Sheheardtheterriblenoise,______broughtherheartintohermouth．A.itB.whichC.thisD.that解析：选B。which指代前面的先行词noise，引导非限定性定语...