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虚拟语气1）概念虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。2）在条件句中的应用条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。在条件状语从句和结果状语从句中在条件状语从句和结果状语从句中,,表示与事实相表示与事实相反的条件和结果。反的条件和结果。1)1)与现在事实相反：与现在事实相反：IfIf主语主语……,,主语主语+V+V原原2)2)与过去事实相反：与过去事实相反：IfIf主语主语,,主语主语+haveV+haveVee3)3)与将来事实相反：与将来事实相反：IfIf主语主语……,,主语主语+V+V原原wereV-edshould(wouldcould,might)should(wouldcould,might)shouldweretoshould(wouldcould,might)hadVed虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而顶。Iftheweatherhadbeenfiner,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.Ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher’sadvice,youwouldn’tbeinthehospital.2.假设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中有should，were，had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.Ifitwerenotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.Wereitnotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?注意：在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用"were"，不用was，即在从句中be用were代替。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotolookforhim.如果我是你，就会去找他。Ifhewerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。典型例题_____todothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherday.A.IfwereIB.IwereC.WereID.WasI在虚拟条件状语中如果有were,should,had这三个词主语提前,变成were,should,had+主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说WereInottodo.,而不能说Weren'tItodo.1.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you_________allrightnow.A.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen2.__________anychangeaboutthedate,pleasetellmeimmediately.A.WilltherebeB.ShouldtherebeC.TherewillbeD.Thereshouldbe3.__________today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A.WouldheleaveB.WasheleavingC.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleave4.Shoulditrain,thecrops_____.A.wouldbesavedB.wouldhavebeensavedC.willbesavedD.hadbeensaved5.You_____comeearlier.Thebusleftamomentago.A.wouldB.shouldhaveC.mayD.have6.Whatshouldwedoifit_____tomorrow?A.shouldsnowB.wouldsnowC.snowD.willsnow7.You_____suchaseriousmistakeifyouhadfollowedhisadvice.A.maynotmakeB.mightnotmakeC.shouldn’thavemadeD.mightnothavemade8.Ifitwerenotforthefactthatyou_____ill,Iwouldaskyoutodothisrightnow.A.wereB.hadbeenC.areD.shouldbe1)1)如果你没有开着窗户睡觉的话如果你没有开着窗户睡觉的话,,你就不会你就不会感冒了。感冒了。2)2)要不是明天有测验我今天晚上就去听音要不是明天有测验我今天晚上就去听音乐会。乐会。3)3)如果他在这儿的话，他会帮我们的。如果他在这儿的话，他会帮我们的。Ifyouhadnotsleptwiththewindowopen,youwouldnothavecaughtacold.IfIwerenottohaveatest,Iwouldgototheconcerttonight.Ifhewerehere,heshouldhelpus.1.Weusemixedconditionalswhenthemainclauseandtheif-clauseareaboutdifferenttenses.Eg.Ifyouhadcomeandattendedthemeetingyesterday,youwouldknowwhatwearedoingnow.Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldnotbeintroublenow.AnswersA(1)hadnotstudied(3)hadstudied(5)knew(7)couldhelpPartA(2)wouldnotbe(4)wouldhave(6)wouldbe(8)wouldnot...