美国海军转型：能源经济战略变化及影响李超民 1(上海财经大学，上海 200433)摘要：探讨了新世纪美国海军发展战略转型过程中，海军武器平台能源经济战略的变化及其影响。指出美国海军在转型过程中，海军武器平台使用的能源种类，将向可替代能源和核动力方向发展；而由于近期生物能源开发和使用的瓶颈制约，核动力成为除了航母和潜艇之外，美国海军水面作战舰只可能普遍采用的主要能源，但是这个新发展尚处于初级阶段。未来美军水面作战舰只采用核动力之后，将加快推动美海军战略转型，提高美国海军的战斗力，影响美军战略发展，影响到美国区域造船工业的发展，减少美国对于化石能源的依赖，有利于减排目标的实现，也将为其他海洋大国海军发展提供典范。关键词：美国海军转型；海军能源经济战略；海军武器平台；核动力；可替代能源U.S. Naval Transformation: Energy Economic Strategic Changes and Its ImpactsLI Chaomin(1. Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai 200433, China; 2, National Research Center for Science & Technology for Development, Beijing 100000, China)Abstract: This paper joins the discussions in the changes and impacts of the American Navy’s weapons platform energetic economical strategies under the U.S. Naval Transformation. It is found that in this transformation, fuels for Navy’s weapons platforms show a trend from fossil-fueled to that of alternative as biofuels and nuclear power. The authors have found that in the short period, nuclear propulsion for war ships is the choice by more supporters as the biofuels industries develop in fast pace. Atomic powered warships’ making and equipped by the U.S. Navy will boost Navy’s strategic transformation, and increase the fleet power, which will in turn impact Navy’s next-round strategic development. Other impacts of this Naval energy economic strategic changes on the American regional warship-making industries and decreasing the Navy’s rely on foreign imported fuels, etc. studied.Key...
