第 4 课 为民族独立而战Nathan Hale• I only regret (遗憾) that I have but one life to lose for my country.(1755 —1776)Molly Pitcher ( 1754 –1832 )• At the battle( 战役 ) of Monmouth, on June 28, 1778, her husband got sick(受伤) from fighting in the war and Molly took his place at his cannon (大炮) and kept the gun (枪) firing ( 开 火 ) for the remainder (剩余部分) of the battle. • Nathan HaleMolly Pitcher(1754 —1832) 为民族独立而战 The American War of Independence “ 五月花号”Mayflower 1607 年 4月, 3 艘装有 102 名移民的船横渡大西洋。由“五月花号”上英国清教徒在马萨诸塞海滨兴建的普茨茅斯定居点。北美资本主义经济的发展 1607—1733 年 英国在北美 建立了 13 块殖民地费城波士顿纽约威尔明顿萨凡纳北美殖民地物产分布图木材、造船、冶铁小麦烟草、棉花北美殖民地(制造商) 西印度群岛(原料提供商)出发地 英国(国王)出售奴隶 1 英镑买回原料 5 英镑卖出原料 9英镑买回成品 12 英镑返回出发地 14 英镑 , 卖出成品苦吗?税务局的人北美滥收苛捐杂税连糖都要上税毕业证书也要征税吗?苦 啊,苦!“Give Me Liberty (自由) or Give Me Death”波士顿康科德来克星顿来克星顿的枪声( 1775年)乔治 · 华盛顿( George Washington ,1732—1799)• 1775 年,第一届大陆会议任命华盛顿为大陆军总司令,开始有组织的反英斗争。 第二届大陆会议( The Second Continental Congress )《独立宣言》(The Declaration of Independence )《独立宣言》( Declaration of Independence)• ……that all men are created equal(平等) ,that they are endowed( 赋予) by their Creator (造物主) with certain unalienable (不可剥夺的) Rights.平等(Equal)《独立宣言》( Declaration of Independence)• That whenever any form of Government becomes destructive (破坏) of these ends,it is the Right (权利) of the People to alter (改变) or to abolish (废除) it……民主 (Democracy) That these United Colonies (殖民地) are and of Right(权利)...