文学流派背景主要思想写作特点作家代表作AmericanPuritanism(1607-1820)“ the Mayflower”Total DepravityLimited AtonementOriginal SinPredestinationSimplicitySymbolismOptimismSalvationJonathan Edwards(1703-1758)“ Sinners in the Hands of an Angel God”Benjamin Franklin(1706-1790)The Autobiography of Benjamin FranklinAmerican Romanticism(1820-1865)IndustrializationDemocracySir Walt Scott Lyrical Ballads (1798)Puritanism 清New experience 新MoralizesymbolizeWashington Irving(1783-1859)The Sketch Book(1819-1820)“ Rip Van Winkle” , “ The Legend of Sleep Hollow”James Fenimore Cooper(1789 -1851)The Leatherstocking Tales(Natty Bumppo -the pathfinder)New England Transcendentalism(1836-1855)1836 Natureby EmersonIdealismOversoulIndividualSelf-RelianceNature MoralRalph Waldo Emerson(1803-1882)Nature The American ScholarHenry David Thoreau(1817-1862)“ Civil Disobedience or Resistance to the Civil Government ” Walden(1854)American Realism(1865-1910)American Civil WarIndustrializationThe Frontier 西进运动Gilded Age 镀金时代RealityExperienceRealisticWilliam Dean Howells(1837 -1920)The Rise of Silas Lapham(1885)Henry James(1843-1916)Dalsy Miller(1879) The Portrait of a Lady(1881)The Bostanians(1886)Mark Twain(1835-1910)Local ColorismThe Adventures of Yom Sawyer(1876)Life on the Mississippi (1883) non -fictionAdventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884)American NaturalismIndustrializationPolarizationGodlessRealismSocial DarwinismTruthfulObjectiveAccuracyStephen Crane(1871-1900)Maggie: A Girl of the Street (1893)Frank Norris(1870-1902)McTeague(1870-1902) “ the text book”The Octopus(1901)Theodore Dreiser(1871-1945)Sister Carrie (1900)An American Tragedy (1925)E. A. Robinson(1860-1935)The Man Against the Sky(1916)Richard Cory Miniver CheevyJack London(1876-1916)The Call of the Nature (1903)Martin Eden (1909) autobiographicalO. Henry (1862 -1910)(William Porter)“ The Gift of the Magi” “ The Cop and the Anthem”Upton Sinclair(1878-1968)The Jungle(1906)
