第 1 页 共 6 页现在完成时讲解一、基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词 (done) ①肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词 +其他②否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词 +其他③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语 +过去分词 +其他④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（ have/has+主语 +过去分词 +其他）二、用法1） 现在完成时的 "完成用法 " 现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说 ,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在. He has turned off the light. 他已把灯关了。(动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。) I have spent all of my money.( 含义是 :现在我没有钱花了.) Jane has laid the table.(含义是 :现在桌子已经摆好了.) 2） 现在完成时的 " 未完成用法 " 指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。这里的动词要用持续性动词 。常与 for（+时间段） ,since（+时间点） 连用 . Mary has been ill for three days. Mary has been ill since three days ago. 注意 :1.现在完成时 不能单独与准确时间连用，(如表示过去的时间状语）如 yesterday(morning 、afternoon),last(morning 、afternoon)等， 除非与 for, since 连用 . 2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如 already （肯定） , yet（否定，疑问）, just, before, recently, still, lately 等: He has already obtained a scholarship. I haven't seen much of him recently (lately). We have seen that film before. Have they found the missing child yet ? 3. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用 , 如 ever, never, twice, several times等: Have you ever been to Beijing I have never heard Bunny say anything against her. I have used this pen only three times. It is still good. George has met that gentleman several times. 4. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用, 如 up to these few days/weeks/months/years, just, up to present(now), so far等: Peter has written six papers so far. Up to the present everything has been succ...
